從戰地轉型到觀光：金門土地利用變遷對碳儲存空間分布之影響

From Military Zone to Tourism Hub: The Impact of Land Use Change on Carbon Storage Spatial Patterns in Kinmen Island

隨著極端氣候事件日益頻繁，全球對溫室氣體排放控制與碳平衡議題的重視持續升高。自《京都議定書》（1997）、《巴黎協定》（2015）至2021年第26屆聯合國氣候變遷大會（COP26），國際間已明確提出2050年達成淨零排放的目標。碳儲存量資訊之掌握與揭露，已成為氣候治理與空間規劃的重要基礎。本研究以離島型區域—金門縣作為實證場域，分析自解除戰地政務（1992年）及小三通開放（2001年）以來，由軍事用途轉型為觀光導向所帶動之土地利用變遷，對生態系統碳儲存量與空間分布所造成之影響。研究運用InVEST（Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs）碳儲存與固碳模型，分析2006年、2013年、2021共三個時間點之土地利用資料，評估碳儲存量變化趨勢與土地利用型態之關聯性。研究結果可作為未來離島空間規劃與生態碳匯政策之參考，促進生態系統服務功能維護與碳中和目標推進，具實務應用與政策建議價值。

With the increasing frequency of extreme climate events, global attention to greenhouse gas emission control and carbon balance has continued to intensify. Since the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol (1997), the Paris Agreement (2015), and the 26th UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) in 2021, the international community has set a clear target of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. The acquisition and disclosure of carbon storage data have thus become fundamental to climate governance and spatial planning. This study takes Kinmen County—a representative offshore island in Taiwan—as the case study area to investigate how land use changes driven by the transition from military governance (lifted in 1992) to cross-strait tourism development (initiated in 2001) have affected ecosystem carbon storage and its spatial distribution. Using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) carbon storage and sequestration model, we analyze land use data from four time points: 2006, 2013, 2021, and a projected scenario based on the National Land Functional Zoning draft. The study evaluates the relationship between land use transformations and carbon storage variations over time. The results provide a valuable reference for future spatial planning and carbon sink policies on offshore islands, contributing to the promotion of ecosystem service sustainability and the advancement of carbon neutrality goals. The findings also offer practical implications for land management and policy-making in the context of climate change.