由產業文物與場域脈絡調查探討保存維護之必要性──臺北機廠鍛冶工場暨原動室為例

From Site Investigation to Preservation: A Case Study of the Taipei Railway Workshop’s Forge and Engine Room

產業文物就其字義可為生產機具與實用機具，多數實用機具其實也會轉化成生產機具，其形塑之工作場域便以生產線般的方式讓機具與機具之間形成密不可分的關聯，一旦生產技術更新、服務對象不同，皆有可能更換或調整部分機具，進而讓生產線做必要之調整，而調整所牽涉之範圍就會慢慢覆蓋掉原本該場域建置初期的動線與規劃，場域的建置時間越久，往往其更動的樣貌也越多，因此，如何透過現有的建築空間、機具功能、文獻資料與老職工的訪談，將其時間軸完整呈現，賦予產業文物的具體功能與意義，便必須透過廠區脈絡的調查。
而國家鐵道博物館籌備處預計於2026年正式營運，現存廠房內文物種類大多為機械機具，其中最具代表性文物為清代時期購入之英國製標號941蒸汽鎚，除了進行產業機具文物歷史資料梳理以外，機具間之關聯與技術性之操作技術及文物修護建議亦為本文之主要項目。
筆者於2019年參與國家鐵道博物館籌備處委託國立科學工藝博物館執行之「臺北機廠鍛冶工場暨原動室調查研究計畫」，並負責機具文物檢視與文物作動之關聯性，透過此次計畫進行鍛冶工場與原動室在臺北機廠建廠初期之功能性調查，並釐清2者在其中所扮演的角色、工場內機具間的關聯性、作業動線、生產流程等等，最後再提出具體之保存維護建議。

Industrial heritage refers to machinery and tools used in production, where many utilitarian devices are integrated into interconnected systems resembling assembly lines. As technologies advance and service needs change, equipment and workflows are often modified, gradually obscuring the site’s original layout. To reconstruct the historical timeline and reveal the functions and meanings of such artifacts, investigations combining architectural analysis, equipment functionality, historical documentation, and oral histories are essential.
The Preparatory Office of National Railway Museum, set to open in 2026, houses a range of mechanical artifacts, notably the No. 941 steam hammer imported from the UK during the Qing Dynasty. This study examines the historical context, technical relationships among machines, operational procedures, and conservation recommendations.
Based on a 2019 research project commissioned by the Preparatory Office of National Railway Museum and conducted by the National Science and Technology Museum, this paper focuses on the forge and engine room of the Taipei Railway Workshop. It explores their roles, machinery interconnections, workflows, and production processes, concluding with practical proposals for preservation and maintenance.