在法律傳統與法治理想間折衷──薛祀光任職國立中山大學時期的法學思想與實踐

The Compromise Between Legal Tradition and the Ideal of the Rule of Law: Xue Siguang’s Jurisprudence and Practice During Working at National Sun Yat-sen University

薛祀光（1900-1987）於1929年成為國立中山大學法學院法律學系教授，1947年離職，先後出任法律學系主任、法學院院長和民眾法律顧問處主任。1949年以後，他又先後出任中國大陸多所高校法學院教授，從事法學教育事業長達45年，深刻影響了中山大學、廣東乃至中國的法學教育開展和學科構建。他任職中山大學時的研究圍繞中國法律傳統與現實立法展開，形成在法律傳統與法治理想之間折衷的立法主張，兼有人文關懷與實用主義傾向。他希望通過科學的方法，將原有法律制度及傳統同其他法系進行比較，尋求維持中華法系生命力的要素。1930年代，南京當局分編目完成了民事立法，薛祀光從中國的歷史與現實出發，批評相關立法不考慮我國舊有法律與舶來法律在基本觀念上的不同，也不考慮我國當時既有的法律現實。他組織建立了中山大學民眾法律顧問處，冀望通過向民眾提供法律服務以實現普及法治思想的目的。同時，他以廣州為中心，調查民間習慣與法律傳統，研究與實踐相結合，貫徹其理念。

Xue Siguang薛祀光became a professor of law at the Law School of National Sun Yat-sen University (guoli zhongshan daxue國立中山大學) in 1929, and left in 1947. During the period he servered as the head of the Law Department, the Dean of the Law School, and the Director of the Office of the Public Legal Adviser, and after 1949 he became a professor at the Law Schools of many colleges and universities in Chinese mainland, where he was engaged in the cause of legal education for 45 years. He had a profound influence on the development of legal education and academic structure of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong and even China. During his tenure at Sun Yat-sen University, his research centered on Chinese legal tradition and practical legislation, forming a compromise between legal tradition and the ideal of the rule of law, with both humanistic concern and pragmatic tendencies. Through scientific methods, he hoped to compare the original legal system and traditions with those of other legal systems, and to seek elements to maintain the vitality of the Chinese legal system. In the 1930s, when the Nanjing authorities completed the compilation of civil legislation, Xue criticized, from the perspective of China’s history and reality, that the relevant legislation had not taken into account neither the differences in basic concepts between China’s old laws and those of foreign countries, nor the existing legal reality of the country at that time. He organized and established the Public Legal Counsel Office of Sun Yat-sen University, aiming to popularize the rule of law by providing legal services to the public. At the same time, centering on Guangzhou, he investigated folk customs and legal traditions, combining research and practice to implement his ideas.