金盞花乳膏對幼兒尿布疹照護之成效：隨機控制試驗的系統性文獻回顧

Effectiveness of calendula ointment for treatment of diaper dermatitis in toddlers: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

市售的金盞花乳膏被廣泛應用於治療尿布疹，但其具體成效尚未全面評估。本研究目的在確定金盞花乳膏對尿布疹嚴重程度、恢復時間、恢復比例和不良反應之成效。根據PRISMA指引進行系統性文獻回顧，檢索PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus、Embase、Cochrane Library和華藝線上圖書資料庫，截至2025年2月的隨機控制試驗，文獻品質使用Modified Jadad Score進行評估，證據等級則依據Oxford CEBM進行評定。結果共納入五篇隨機控制試驗，382位年齡小於三歲且罹患非感染性尿布疹的幼兒。塗抹金盞花乳膏每天三到四次，持續三天至十天，能有效改善輕度至中度尿布疹，成效與橄欖乳膏相當，優於蘆薈乳膏，但在恢復時間和恢復比例不如火山土乳膏或金盞花混合鎂乳膏。Modified Jadad Score文獻品質得分為6-8分，證據等級Oxford CEBM為Level 2。本研究顯示金盞花乳膏對尿布疹具成效且安全，建議納入照護常規，加強教育訓練與皮膚測試以確保正確應用。因研究受單一國家與品牌限制，未來應進行跨國、多中心、長期隨機對照試驗，以提升適用性。

Calendula ointment is widely used to treat diaper dermatitis. Fully evaluating the effectiveness of this treatment is warranted. This study evaluated the effectiveness of calendula ointment in reducing the severity, shortening the recovery time, increasing the recovery rate, and mitigating the adverse effects of diaper dermatitis. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Airiti Library databases. Randomized controlled trials published until February 2025 were identified. The modified Jadad score was used to evaluate study quality, and Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria were applied to identify the level of evidence. Five randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. These trials involved a total of 382 toddlers aged <3 years with noninfectious diaper dermatitis. After calendula ointment was applied three to four times daily for 3–10 days, mild-to-moderate degrees of diaper dermatitis got improvement, indicating that the efficacy of calendula ointment is similar to that of olive ointment and higher than that of aloe vera ointment. However, calendula ointment had a longer recovery time and a lower recovery rate than did bentonite ointment and calendula-magnesium. The modified Jadad score for study quality ranged from 6 to 8, with an Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine evidence level of 2. Calendula ointment is effective and safe for the treatment of diaper dermatitis and is recommended for inclusion in routine care. Increasing awareness and conducting skin tests are recommended to ensure proper application. The majority of studies are limited to a single country and brand. Further multinational, multicenter, and long-term randomized controlled trials are required to enhance applicability.