藥品與熱相關的疾病

全球暖化和氣候變遷使高溫成為重大健康挑戰，特別是年長、年幼者及孕婦、慢性病病人、運動員和戶外工作者等高風險族群。本文旨在探討熱相關疾病的種類、危險因子、高風險藥物及高氣溫對藥物的影響。熱相關疾病包含一系列綜合症狀，當身體無法充分散熱，而導致的熱調節功能障礙，進而引發生理損傷。而高風險族群的體溫調節能力較差，易在高溫環境中發生健康問題。此外，某些藥品如抗膽鹼藥、利尿劑和抗精神疾病藥物等，可能干擾體溫調節，進而增加風險，高溫環境也可能導致藥品降解，影響其效力。為預防熱相關疾病，建議進行適當的教育和宣導，並於高溫環境下採取預防措施。臨床專業醫療人員應考量共病、風險及用藥狀況，提供高風險族群相關衛教。

Global warming and climate change pose significant health challenges, particularly for high-risk groups such as the elderly, young children, pregnant women, people with chronic diseases, athletes, and outdoor workers. This article elucidates the types of heat-related illness, their risk factors, and the relationship between medications and high temperatures. Heat-related illness encompass a continuum of syndromes resulting from the body's inability to adequately dissipate heat, leading to dysfunctional thermoregulation. High-risk groups are more susceptible to health problems in hot environments due to impaired thermoregulation. Furthermore, certain medications, such as anticholinergics, diuretics, and antipsychotics, can interfere with body temperature regulation, thus increasing the risk of heat-related illness. High temperatures can also degrade medications, reducing their efficacy. Prevention strategies should focus on targeted education, public awareness, and precautionary measures in high-temperature environments. Clinicians should assess comorbidities, risks, and medication use to provide health education for the vulnerable population.