以計畫行為理論結合健康信念模式探討精神疾病與物質濫用之共病行為研究

An Empirical Study on the Behavior of Comorbidity by Substance Use and Mental Illness Based on the Planned Behavior Theory Combined with Health Belief Model

台灣近年來發生多起社會案件，加害人與毒品、酒癮或精神疾病之間有關連性，為找出各因素之間的影響，因此本研究將探討精神疾病與毒品、酒精等物質濫用患者之共病行為之間的相關性。
經文獻探討，本研究整合計畫行為理論（TPB）和健康信念模型（HBM）並探討精神疾患的物質使用者之健康信念對於罹患疾病的認知程度，及其後是否會採取健康行為，期望能找出影響精神疾病與物質濫用之共病行為因素。
本研究採用問卷紙本形式，樣本來自台灣監所之毒癮、酒癮及精神疾病個案受刑人，最後回收實際有效問卷174份，有效回收率為69.6%。使用SPSS 24.0進行信效度分析，SmartPLS 3.3.9進行SEM分析等。結果顯示自覺行動效益、自我效能/知覺行為控制、主觀規範及行動線索對行為意圖有正向顯著影響；而行為意圖會正向顯著影響實際行為。
最後提出貢獻及建議，期望鼓勵學生持續就學，社政機關對於未獲適當教養或受其他迫害之兒童與少年予以妥適緊急安置，政府及社會應同心協力幫助精神病人、毒癮者、酒癮者去除汙名化。

Several criminal cases that happened in the last few years. They can relate to drugs, alcohol addiction, and mental illness. To find out the influence of the above factors. This study will dive deeply into comorbid mental illnesses, drugs, alcohol, and other substance abuse patients.
Based on the literature review, this study integrates TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior) and HBM(Health Belief Model). It explores the health beliefs of patients with comorbid substance abuse and mental disorders about their awareness of the disease and whether they will adopt healthy behavior accordingly.
This investigation adopts paper-based questionnaires. The respondents are inmates of drug addiction, alcohol addiction, and mental illness cases in prison in Taiwan. Two hundred fifty questionnaires were sent out, and 174 were effectively retrieved, with an effective recovery of 69.6%. The reliability and validity test was done in SPSS 24.0, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was done by SmartPLS 3.3.9. The results show that perceived benefits, self-efficacy/perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and cue to action have a significant positive impact on behavioral intention, which has an affirmative and considerable effect on actual behavior.
This study will help the government and society to fight against stigmatization and discrimination of people who have mentally ill, drug addicts, and alcoholics.