波蘭的國家發展

The Formation of the Polish State

我們首先介紹波蘭的早期歷史，特別是由部落聯盟到皮雅斯特王朝的建立，接著回溯由雅蓋隆王朝、波蘭立陶宛聯盟、到波蘭立陶宛國協的發展。我們再來考察波蘭在列強瓜分下如何面對異族統治，並分析他們由法國大革命戰爭、到一次世界大戰的奮鬥。最後，我們觀察波蘭如何在大戰後重生復國、以及如何熬過二次世界大戰的肆虐。

We shall begin with a brief introduction of the earlier history of Poland, starting from tribal alliances to the establishment of the Piast Dynasty. We then trace the evolution from the Jagiellonian Dynasty, the Polish-Lithuanian Union, to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Further, we shall examine how the Polish people endured the foreign rules after the divisions by Russia, Prussia, and Austria. We then move to look into how they struggled from the French Revolutionary Wars to World War I. Finally, we look into how Poland won its independence and how it endured the hardship of World War II.