先代帝王與土地所在：南朝會稽夏禹祠祀的文化互動與在地意義

The Ancient Emperors and Local Beliefs: The Cultural Interaction and Local Development of Kuaiji Temple Worship of Yu the Great in Southern Dynasties

會稽禹廟作為狄仁傑毀禁江南淫祠所僅保留的四座祠廟之一，其「先代帝王」的歷史身分與流傳於會稽地區的神話傳說，展現禹廟性質異於南朝民間信仰與先賢祠祀之一面。南朝政府及會稽禹廟之互動，與北魏孝文帝詔祀「先代帝王」、追求政治正統的策略不同。南朝時期會稽禹廟的圭璧出土經常作為符瑞之政治宣傳，而禹廟祭文的寫作背景，可能也與南北戰爭或山水祀典有關。東漢以降，會稽禹廟梅梁傳說，可能是五行災異觀點的片段記錄，而晉宋以後道教徒、佛教徒匯聚會稽山，也使會稽山的神聖空間及夏禹祠祀，成為不同歷史、神話、宗教與文化的共享資源與互動平台。若跳脫「先代帝王」歷史與正統的框架，以南方「土地所在」的角度重新省視，或許可對南朝會稽禹廟的祠祀性質有所新的觀察。

The Temple of Yu the Great in Kuaiji was one of four popular temples remained when Di Renjie destroyed and banned Jiangnan temples dedicated to unusual deities. As one of the ancient emperors, the history and legends of Yu the Great prevailing over Kuaiji suggest the worship of the Temple of Yu the Great differing from folk beliefs in Southern Dynasties and temples worship of other ancient emperors. In terms of the interaction with The Temple of Yu the Great in Kuaiji, the rulers of Southern Dynasties did not appeal for the worship of ancient emperors in pursuit of political legitimacy like Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei did. The discovery of jade ceremonial tablets was often considered an auspicious omen during Southern Dynasties and the writing background of Jiwen of The Temple of Yu the Great might be related to civil wars or the worship ceremonies. The legends of the roof beam in The Temple of Yu the Great could suggest the records of natural disasters and unusual phenomena related to Wuxing since Eastern Han Dynasty. Taoists’and Buddhists’pilgrimages to the Mount Kuaiji since Jin Dynasty and Liu Song Dynasty also made its sacred location and the temple worship of Yu the Great a platform sharing various historical, legendary, religious and cultural backgrounds. If we reevaluate the local development at Jiangnan, refraining from the history and legitimacy of ancient emperors, we might acquire a new perspective toward the worship of The Temple of Yu the Great in Southern Dynasties.