鐵路司機員疲勞管理機制之研究

A RESEARCH ON THE FATIGUE MANAGEMENT MECHANISM OF RAILWAY DRIVERS

臺灣鐵路長期以來擔負全島運輸之主軸重任，然而鐵路運輸服務涵蓋長途城際運輸與短程通勤旅次，運輸需求終年持續無間，更須客、貨運兼顧，加以列車服務類型組合極為複雜，使得司機員可能面對駕駛疲勞之風險。本研究藉由深度訪談以及對司機員的問卷調查，探討鐵路司機員疲勞問題與疲勞管理作法，並構建鐵路司機員疲勞管理機制。研究結果顯示司機員疲勞問題確實普遍存在，但鐵路公司積極投入疲勞之改善，並恪遵勞基法之規範進行司機員勤務排班，鐵路司機員疲勞問題目前尚屬一般，其中工作班本身是造成疲勞的最主要原因，不同機務段別因任務特性差異，司機員疲勞強度也有不同。後續應持續投入建立司機員安全第一的共識與認知文化，而持續檢討與回饋確保各項疲勞管理做法運作，更是疲勞管理機制成功的關鍵。

Railway has long been responsible for the important mission of transportation across Taiwan. However, railway transportation services cover both long-distance intercity transportation and short-distance commuting. The demand for railway transportation continues throughout the year, and the transportation provides both passenger transport and freight transport. In addition, the types and combinations of train services are extremely complex, which puts train drivers at risk of driving fatigue. Through in-depth interviews and questionnaire surveys on train drivers, this research explored the fatigue problems and fatigue management practices of train drivers and establishes a fatigue management mechanism for train drivers. The research results show that fatigue is indeed widespread among train drivers, however, Taiwan Railways Administration actively improves fatigue and strictly abides by the Labor Standards Act for driver scheduling. The fatigue problem of train drivers is not very serious at present. Among them, the work shift itself is the main cause of fatigue. Due to the difference in task characteristics, the fatigue degree of train drivers in different locomotive depots is also different. In the future, consensus and cognitive culture of“Train Drivers’Safety First”should be established with effort. In addition, continuous reviews and feedback to ensure the operation of various fatigue management measures are the keys to the success of the fatigue management mechanism.