髖骨骨折手術後疼痛評估與護理照護

台灣已是世界衛生組織定義之「高齡社會」，髖骨骨折的發生率為亞洲地區之冠，也是高齡者跌倒常見的醫療問題，一旦個案發生骨折，容易產生失能、依賴度增加、活動受限等問題，再次發生跌倒的機會也會相對提高，甚至危害生命。髖骨骨折往往引起劇烈疼痛，主要治療方式為外科手術，82~90%的病人歷經手術後疼痛，而疼痛的產生容易造成高齡者許多生、心理層面問題，甚而影響生活品質，因此客觀而確實的評估並妥善處理疼痛，對於髖骨骨折病人的復原非常重要。本文就疼痛機轉、疼痛評估、髖骨骨折病人的護理照護等面向進行探討，期能幫助了解病人疼痛狀況、協助解決疼痛問題，提高病人能早期下床及復健的意願，以避免其他的合併症發生，促進身體功能的恢復及早恢復日常活動；並藉此提供相關訊息給予照護此類個案之臨床護理師的參考。

Taiwan is now officially classified as an“aged society”according to WHO standards. It has the highest rate of hip fractures in the Asian region and is also plagued by common incidents of falls among the elderly, posing significant medical concerns. Once a fracture occurs, it can lead to issues such as disability, increased dependence, and limited mobility. The likelihood of experiencing subsequent falls also rises, and in some cases, it can even be life-threatening. Hip fractures often cause intense pain, and the primary treatment is surgical intervention. Around 82-90% of patients experience postoperative pain, which can result in various psychological and emotional issues among the elderly, ultimately affecting their quality of life. Therefore, objective and effective pain assessment and management are crucial for the recovery of hip fracture patients. This article explores the mechanism of pain, pain assessment, and nursing care for hip fracture patients, with the aim of enhancing understanding of patients’pain conditions and assisting in resolving pain issues. The goal is to encourage patients to get out of bed and engage in early rehabilitation, thereby preventing potential complications, promoting physical function recovery, and facilitating a swift return to daily activities. This serves as a source of relevant information for clinical nurses caring for such cases.