慣性阻力訓練對競技體操選手核心能力與地板專項運動表現之影響

緒論：探討六週漸進式核心慣性阻力訓練對體操選手核心爆發力與地板專項運動表現之影響。方法：招募10名男子甲組競技體操選手為本研究對象。核心爆發力利用慣性阻力訓練機收取平均功率、向心最大功率、離心最大功率、平均力量之數據，使用慣性感測器收集直體後空翻轉體720°和轉體1080°運動表現之軀幹加速度和轉體角速度之參數。前測結束後，採隨機交叉試驗設計，分為5名實驗組和5名控制組，經6週漸進式核心慣性阻力訓練介入後，進行後測與資料收集，結束後會經7週廓清期再交換組別進行六週訓練。統計以相依和獨立樣本t檢定分析，顯著水準設為α= .05。結果：核心爆發力發現實驗組於仰身轉體動作之平均功率和向心最大功率達顯著優於前測(p < .05)，以及俯身轉體動作之平均功率、離心最大功率和平均力量顯著優於前測(p < .05)。直體後空翻加轉體720°和轉體1080°運動表現分析發現實驗組於起跳時的上背部位軀幹加速度顯著優於前測(p < .05)。結論：漸進式核心慣性阻力訓練能有效提升體操選手核心爆發力以及地板專項運動表現之軀幹加速度能力，未來可結合下肢與核心訓練，探討競技體操選手的黃金課表。

Introduction: This study examined how a six-week progressive flywheel resistance training program for the core muscles affects gymnasts’core explosive strength and floor exercise performance. Methods: Ten elite male artistic gymnasts were recruited. Core explosive strength was measured using average power, maximum concentric power, maximum eccentric power, and average strength obtained from a flywheel resistance training machine. Inertial sensors were used to collect trunk acceleration and rotational angular velocity during straight-back somersaults with 2/1 and 3/1. After the pretest, the participants were divided into experimental and control groups (n = 5/group) using a randomized crossover trial design. Following six weeks of progressive training, a posttest was conducted to collect relevant data. After a seven-week washout period, the two groups were swapped and underwent another six weeks of training. Statistical analyses were performed using dependent and independent samples t-tests, considering a significance level ofα= 0.05. Results: The experimental group showed significant pretest-to-posttest improvements in average power and maximum concentric power during the supine rotational explosive strength tests and in average power, maximum eccentric power, and average strength during prone rotational explosive strength tests (p < 0.05). It also showed significant pretest-to-posttest improvements in trunk acceleration at takeoff in straight-back somersaults with 2/1 and 3/1 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The adopted training program can effectively enhance the core explosive strength and trunk acceleration capabilities of gymnasts’floor exercise athletic performance. Future studies may integrate lower body and core training to explore the optimal training schedules for artistic gymnasts.