一位愛滋病伺機感染肺囊蟲病人的急診護理經

本文為一位愛滋病伺機感染肺囊蟲病人的急診護理經驗。2019年9月6日至9月7日直接照護，9月14日至加護病房訪視一次，以觀察、會談、身體評估和查閱病歷等方式收集資料，運用羅氏適應模式確立護理問題：氣體交換障礙、焦慮、否認行為不當及照顧者角色緊張。護理過程中以病人為中心，教導噘嘴呼吸技巧，採高坐臥位及氧氣治療以改善病人呼吸狀況；與病人建立良好的護病關係、向病人保證隱私、避免對病人使用批判性的語言和行為；安排舒適隱密的空間，運用多媒體資訊衛教病人及案妻愛滋病相關知識與照護，持續給予他們關懷與鼓勵，引導他們表達心中感受和對疾病的看法，讓他們感到有受到尊重及幫助，緩解他們的焦慮與擔憂。期望透過此護理經驗之分享，提供臨床護理人員照護此類病人之參考。

This paper presents a nursing experience involving an AIDS patient infected with Pneumocystis jirovecii. The nursing care spanned from September 6th to September 7th, 2019, with ICU visits occurring from September 14th, 2019. Roy's adaptation model served as the assessment framework, with data collected through observations, communication, physical assessments, and review of medical records. Identified health problems encompassed impaired gas exchange, anxiety, ineffective denial, and caregiver role strain. Interventions included teaching the patient proper breathing techniques and administering oxygen therapy while in an upright position to enhance gas exchange. Emphasizing privacy and avoiding critical language and behaviors were prioritized to foster a positive nurse-client relationship and alleviate anxiety. AIDS-related health education was delivered via multimedia in a comfortable and private setting. The patient and spouse were encouraged to actively express their emotions and perspectives on the disease. Over time, they transitioned from denial to acceptance of care and guidance from the medical team, feeling supported and respected. The authors anticipate that sharing this experience will provide valuable insights and serve as a reference for other clinical nurses caring for AIDS patients.