英文摘要 |
The international community has established the premise for hydrogen energy applications based on the importance of addressing climate change and promoting sustainable energy development. With increasing concerns over greenhouse gas emissions, the use of fossil fuels has been limited. Hydrogen energy is viewed as a critical clean energy option for achieving energy transformation and climate goals. According to the ''Global Hydrogen Review'' by the International Energy Agency in 2022, hydrogen demand is growing with positive signals in key applications. However, the growth of hydrogen is still below the target set by governments. This can be attributed to issues such as unstable demand for hydrogen, as well as inadequate regulations and infrastructure. Despite the ongoing expansion of low-carbon hydrogen production projects, only a few have reached the final investment stage. To promote the development and use of hydrogen, governments and institutions are refining the relevant legal system for hydrogen, which includes international treaties, agreements, guidelines, standards, and regulations. The aim is to develop standards for hydrogen energy development and application. In internal laws, regulations related to hydrogen also cover safety, environmental, and technical standards for the production, storage, transportation, use, and recycling of hydrogen. This is to ensure that hydrogen becomes an integral part of the energy system and to achieve the vision of a clean energy transition and net-zero emissions by 2050. This article intends to review the policies and legal frameworks of key hydrogen energy development countries such as the European Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It aims to provide a comparative analysis of the current legal status in our country and assess the existing regulatory gaps. This analysis will serve as a foundation for the establishment of a comprehensive legal framework for hydrogen energy, aiding in future decision-making processes. |