口腔癌篩檢與防治

Oral Cancer Screening, Prevention and Treatment

口腔癌是一種惡性腫瘤，常發生在嘴唇、舌頭、口底等部位，其中以鱗狀細胞癌佔絕大多數。全球口腔癌發病率持續上升，尤其在台灣已成為前十大癌症之一，對年輕男性造成嚴重威脅。主要危險因子包括吸菸、喝酒、嚼檳榔以及HPV感染。早期診斷和治療至關重要，但多數患者在診斷時已達晚期，存活率極低。預防口腔癌的關鍵在於避免危險行為，如戒菸、戒酒、停止嚼檳榔，並定期接受口腔篩檢。良好的生活習慣和定期檢查有助於提高口腔癌的預防和治療效果，同時施打HPV疫苗也是一項重要的防範措施。

Oral cancer is a malignant tumor commonly occurring in areas such as the lips, tongue, and floor of the mouth, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most prevalent. The global incidence of oral cancer is steadily increasing, with Taiwan ranking among the top ten cancers, posing a serious threat to young males. Major risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, betel nut chewing, and HPV infection. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, yet many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, resulting in a very low survival rate. Prevention of oral cancer hinges on avoiding risky behaviors such as smoking cessation, alcohol moderation, and cessation of betel nut chewing, coupled with regular oral screenings. Adopting healthy lifestyle habits and undergoing routine check-ups can significantly enhance the prevention and treatment outcomes of oral cancer. Additionally, receiving the HPV vaccine is an important preventive measure.