大豆紅冠腐病之研究現況與展望

Research status and prospects on soybean red crown rot

大豆紅冠腐病是由病原真菌Calonectria ilicicola引起的土傳性病害，主要造成根部及冠部腐爛，影響種子品質及產量，近年來在世界重要大豆產區危害日益嚴重。在台灣，本病害自2017年發現以來主要發生在高雄及屏東的毛豆產區，然而近年危害範圍漸增，並有往北移動之情形。Calonectria ilicicola寄主範圍廣泛，可以微菌核的形式長時間殘存，因此不易防治。目前日本及美國建議之防治策略包括種子殺菌劑處理、輪作、土壤消毒、延後種植等方式，由於國內目前尚未有防治紅冠腐病之推薦方法，本文統整相關研究結果，以提供未來防治及研究工作之參考。

Soybean red crown rot is a soilborne disease caused by the fungal pathogen Calonectria ilicicola, which primarily infects roots and crown of soybean plants, ultimately impacting seed quality and yield. This disease has been increasingly alarmed across major soybean-producing regions worldwide in recent years. In Taiwan, the disease was first identified in 2017 and initially impacted edamame production areas in Kaohsiung and Pingtung. However, the disease has steadily intensified and spread northward, posing a significant threat. Calonectria ilicicola has a broad host range, and the microsclerotia can remain viable in soil for several years, making it difficult to control. Current control strategies include seed fungicide treatment, crop rotation, soil sterilization, and delayed planting. As there are no recommended methods for controlling red crown rot in Taiwan, this review compiles relevant research results to provide a reference for future control and research efforts.