Carl Schmitt論大空間秩序：對抗一元化普世秩序的理論嘗試

Carl Schmitt on the Großraum Order: A Theoretical Attempt to Counter a Universal Homogenizing Order

本文將集中討論德國法學者Carl Schmitt的「大空間」概念。在1920年代，Schmitt已經觀察到國際法和國際秩序發生了結構性的變化。對他而言，這樣的結構性轉變，意謂著某個帝國要將一元化的普世秩序強加給他國。為了重建國際關係上的權力均衡，以及排除外部勢力對於中、東歐事務的干涉，Schmitt在納粹時期，藉由重構美國的門羅宣言而提出了大空間概念。此概念的核心是複數個區域霸權為主角所構成的多元世界秩序，在這樣的世界秩序中霸權國家和其隨從國呈現出階層化的國際法秩序。

This article will focuses on the concept of“Großraum Order”proposed by the German legal scholar Carl Schmitt. In the 1920s, Schmitt observed structural changes in international law and order, which he believed indicated the emergence of an empire seeking to impose a universal order on other nations. During the Nazi era, Schmitt developed the concept of the“Großraum Order”to restore the balance of power in international relations and prevent external interference in Central and Eastern European affairs. This concept was derived from a reinterpretation of the United States’Monroe Doctrine. At its core, the“Großraum Order”proposes a pluralistic world order characterized by multiple regional hegemons, wherein hierarchical international legal order exists between the hegemonic states and subordinate nations.