汲古生新，歸宗自然——論劉辰翁詩歌評點理論

Ji Gu Sheng Xin, Gui Zong Zi Ran (Engendering the New from Inheritance of the Past, Returning to Nature)–On the Theory of Liu Chen-weng's Ping-dian (Marginalia) of Poetry

劉辰翁（1232-1297）身處宋末元初朝代更迭之際，不論是文學思想、文學風格、創作的藝術或審美趣味等諸多層面，皆具變異性、過渡性與轉折性的特徵，深具研究開發的價值。本論文以劉辰翁批點的詩歌作品為研究對象，通過評點文字與詩歌文本的對話，尋繹劉辰翁評點活動中所呈現的批點進路與可能的體系，並檢證劉辰翁的評點作品並非如《四庫全書總目提要》所言，一味意取尖新，詞尚佻巧，無裨來者。本文論述的途徑由情真自然的評點根柢、立言得體，汲古生新的評點實踐，以及自然入妙的評點歸趣三個層面加以論述。最後揭櫫劉辰翁的評點之作，不但是從語句的評賞，指陳作品獨特的話語秩序、規範、特徵，而且深入語言風格的整體把握，從作品形成的深隱原因，揭露創作主體的條件與特點，藉此淬鍊出辨識文學工拙的金針。讀者藉此金針於文學品賞活動中，或能捨筏登岸，證得文學的本質意義。

Liu Chen-weng (1232-1297), born during the regime changes in Late Song and Early Yuan Dynasty, with variable, transitional and transformational characteristics in many aspects whether in literary thought, style, artistic creation, or aesthetic taste in his writings, has a great value worth studying and researching. This paper aims at the object of study on Xuxi's Ping-dian (marginalia) of poetic works, trying to trace and expound Liu's commentary approaches and literary styles presented in Xuxi's marginalia through the dialogue of lexical symbols and poetic texts, and to verify the fact that Liu's commentary works, not as stated in Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu Ti Yao, just simply intend to be distinctive and trenchant, only mind flowery diction (Tiao Qiao) in rhetoric, and of no benefit to the future generations. This paper elaborates the approaches addressed at three levels which refer to commentary substance revealing real sentiments , commentary practice containing decent statements, and commentary pleasure enlightening indigenous delight as well. Furthermore, this paper is expected not only to manifest the uniqueness of discourse order, norms and features through the lexical appreciation of Xuxi's commentary works, but also to expose the conditions and characteristics of creative subject by overall grasp of language style as a whole to expound the deep hidden reasons for the formation of works. And, thereby to build up a standard to identify what is better or worse. Thus, the readers probably can find the artistic significance in“She Fa Deng An”(taking this good way to give up a raft to ascend the shore) to attain the core connotation of literature with such a touchstone of the appreciation of literary activities.