綠竹竹稈粉碎物作為觀葉小品盆栽介質之評估

Evaluation of Green Bamboo (BambusaoldhamiiMunro) Culm Smashes as Cultivation Media of Foliage Plants in Miniature Pots

本試驗旨在開發綠竹廢棄竹稈粉碎物作為小品觀葉植物栽培之新介質，探討介質配方對盆栽植株生育之影響，並分析其理化性質，以評估適合產業利用之介質配方。6種綠竹稈粉碎物之調製介質，對粗肋草‘Pattaya Beauty’小品盆栽植株園藝性狀及葉片綠色程度表現調查結果，粒徑<3 cm綠竹稈粉碎物混合泥炭土為2：1（V/V）介質之處理，與對照慣用介質配方相近，試驗植株生育情形較好。在粒徑<3 cm綠竹稈粉碎物混合泥炭土2：1（V/V）之介質處理，彩葉鳳梨‘Red Of Rio’展幅與葉綠素讀值較慣用介質佳，分芽數、地上部鮮重及葉色則表現相近；在粒徑<1 cm綠竹稈粉碎物混合泥炭土為2：1（V/V）之介質處理，植株葉片數較慣用介質佳，除地上部乾重及葉色（a值與b值）外，其餘生育性狀與慣用介質無顯著差異。經土壤理化性質分析結果得知，綠竹稈粉碎物配方介質之pH值及電導度均在適合觀葉植物栽培範圍，總體密度及孔隙度均較慣用介質高，容水量及保水力較低。粒徑<3 cm綠竹稈粉碎物混合泥炭土為1：1（V/V）介質之固、液、氣三相分布雖與慣用介質最為相近，惟非本試驗參試植物最佳之配方。

The study was conducted to develop a new potting medium for the cultivation of ornamental foliage plants using crushed waste culms of green bamboo. Investigating the growth of foliage plants in a 3-inch pot and the physical and chemical properties of the crushed culms green bamboo culms mixed with peat moss were investigated. The growth and leaf color quality of aglaonema‘Pattaya Beauty’in the particle size of <3 cm crushed green bamboo culm with peat moss at a ratio of 2:1 showed similar results to the control, indicating appropriate to culture for the test plants in stable condition. The plants of neoregelia‘Red Of Rio’treated by the particle size <3 cm crushed green bamboo culms mixed with peat moss in a ratio of 2:1 were higher plant width and chlorophyll content readings compared to those grown in the conventional medium. The number of lateral shoots, shoot fresh weight, and leaf color showed similar performance between the two media treatments. Besides, the plants grown in the medium of particle size <1 cm crushed green bamboo culms mixed with peat moss in a 2:1 ratio, the number of leaves was higher than those in the conventional medium. Additionally, the other growth traits except for the shoot dry weight and leaf color (a and b value), showed insignificant differences compared to the conventional medium. According to the analysis results of the physical and chemical properties of the media, the pH and electrical conductivity of the crushed green bamboo culm media were in the suitable range for the cultivation of foliage plants. The properties of bulk density and air-filled porosity were higher than the conventional medium, and the water capacity and water holding capacity were lower. The three-phase distribution characteristics of solid, liquid and gas in the medium with a particle size of <3 cm: crushed green bamboo culm mixed with peat moss in a ratio of 1:1 was most similar to the control conventional medium for ornamental foliage plants, but for the tested foliage plants in this experiment, this formulated medium was not the most suitable one.