清代前期蘇松地方社會的政治情境與鄉鎮志書寫：以《紫隄小志》為例

The Social and Political Context of Gazetteer Writing in Early Qing Dynasty Suzhou and Songjiang: A Case Study of Ziti Xiaozhi

本文考察清初汪永安所編纂的《紫隄小志》及《紫隄村小志》，分析這部鄉鎮志的生成脈絡及內容變化，從而了解地方社會情況及政治情境轉變如何影響鄉鎮志書寫。本文嘗試論證，汪永安於《紫隄小志》中大量收錄上谷侯氏與平陽汪氏的嘉言懿行，一方面希望影響官修地方志對本族人物的書寫，另一方面則確信這類忠義書寫能改變日漸墮落的紫隄村民風。本文亦指出，汪永安於《紫隄村小志》中曾將部分懷念明室及肯定南明政權的敏感內容刪除，反映雍正晚期於文人中開始出現的潛在性壓抑，由此亦可看到政治變遷對地方精英的鄉鎮志書寫帶來深刻影響。

This article examines Ziti xiaozhi紫隄小志and Ziticun xiaozhi紫隄村小志, compiled by Wang Yong’an汪永安in the early Qing Dynasty. Through the analysis of the genesis context and content changes of these local gazetteers, this paper shows how local social conditions and changes in the political environment affected the content of local gazetteers. In particular, I first demonstrate that Wang Yong’an’s inclusion of a large number of good deeds of the Hou侯family of Shanggu上谷and the Wang汪family of Pingyang平陽in his gazetteers had two purposes. On one hand, it was an attempt to influence compilers of official gazetteers to include members of their own clans. On the other hand, it reflected his belief that narratives of loyalty and righteousness could change the declining moral standards of Ziti villagers. Second, this paper also points out that in Ziticun xiaozhi, Wang Yong’an deleted sensitive content that expressed nostalgia for the Ming Dynasty and that affirmed the legitimacy of the Southern Ming regime. This reflects the latent self-censorship that emerged among literati during the Yongzheng雍正period and illustrates the profound impact of political changes on how local elites wrote township gazetteers.