影響子公司自母公司移轉知識因素之研究：美國專利資料之分析

Determinants of Subsidiaries’Knowledge Transfer from Parent Company - United States Patent Data Analysis

母公司知識是子公司獲取知識來源以強化競爭地位的方式之一。本研究探究子公司從母公司獲取知識三個面向：母公司特性、子公司特性、與母公司與子公司間的關係，對子公司知識移轉之影響。研究資料來自OSIRIS跨國資料庫，並同步比對美國WIPS專利資料庫，收集母公司與子公司之專利資料，以美國製造業上市上櫃公司245家子公司為研究樣本。分析結果發現，母公司國際經驗、知識存量越高，子公司之國際經驗越多，以及母子公司之間的產品愈相似，會提升子公司自母公司移轉知識。本研究貢獻在於以多元觀點檢視影響子公司自母公司移轉知識之因素。

Knowledge transfer from the parent company is one form of a subsidiary’s knowledge resources that help its competitive position. This research investigates the three determinants of knowledge transfer from parent company to subsidiary: parent company characteristics, subsidiary characteristics, and the relationships between parent company and its subsidiaries. The study sample covers listed manufacturing firms in the United States and their subsidiaries. Using financial data from the OSIRIS global database and patent information from the WIPS database and taking patent data from 245 subsidiaries specifically, the findings show that greater international experience and greater knowledge capacity of the parent company as well as greater innovative capacity of the subsidiary and greater product similarity between parent company and subsidiary all spur an increase in knowledge transfer from parent company to subsidiary. This paper contributes to the literature by presenting multi-perspectives to examine the determinant of knowledge transfer.