學術人員運用網頁技術進行知識分享之挑戰：以衣索比亞高等教育為例

Challenges in the Use of Web Technology on Knowledge-sharing Behavior of Academic Staffs: The Case of Ethiopian Higher Education

網頁技術是全球大學維持面對面知識分享挑戰的解方，但對於開發中國家如衣索比亞，應用網頁技術進行知識分享仍面臨許多挑戰。本研究探討影響學術人員運用網頁技術進行知識分享之因素，招募30位受訪者進行半結構式訪談，並以Nvivo質性資料分析軟體分析訪談資料。結果顯示，技術技能不足、缺乏與教學實踐整合的系統、缺乏意識、欠缺合適獎勵制度、高層主管不投入、缺乏知識分享政策，以及知識地圖不足是主要挑戰。這些結果提供知識分享實踐的證據與加強高等教育知識分享實踐的洞見，對於完整了解其中挑戰亦有所貢獻，將使學術人員、大學管理階層與高等教育機構受益。後續可考慮改採私立高等教育觀點，或以量化方法就更大的公立高等教育樣本再現本研究。

Universities around the world have faced challenges in maintaining face-to-face knowledge sharing. Knowledge sharing through web technology is an essential solution for all universities. However, web technology-based knowledge-sharing practices in developing countries such as Ethiopia face many challenges. This study examines the factors that challenge the use of web technologies for knowledge-sharing practices by academic staff and presents recommendations to improve the current environment in Ethiopian public universities. The study employed semi-structured interviews with 30 respondents and analyzed the data using Nvivo qualitative data analysis software. The results revealed that lack of technical skill, lack of systems integrated into teaching-learning practice, lack of awareness, lack of an appropriate reward system, lack of commitment from top management, lack of a knowledge-sharing policy, and a lack of knowledge mapping are among the identified challenges hindering the knowledge-sharing practice of academic staff. These findings provide evidence of knowledge-sharing practices and give insights regarding enhancing knowledge-sharing practices within higher education. In addition, this study also contributes to the body of knowledge about the challenges of knowledge sharing. The findings will benefit academic staff, university administrations, and higher education institutions. Future studies could consider replicating this study from a quantitative method perspective with a larger sample size focused on Ethiopian public higher education. This study could also be considered for replication from the perspective of private higher education.