登革熱防治專責人員對於應用沃爾巴克氏菌做為防治技術之態度

Attitudes of dengue fever specialists toward application of Wolbachia for mosquito vector control

目標：以社區登革熱防治專責人員為研究對象，探討他們對於以沃爾巴克氏菌防治登革熱策略之態度及影響因素。方法：以健康信念模型為理論基礎發展研究架構：以個人健康信念四個變項為自變項，對Wb防治法的態度為依變項，對Wb防治法的知識為控制變項，並以自己或親友有無感染登革熱經驗為調節變項；研究工具為經專家效度審查及預試項目分析的自編研究問卷，於專責人員教育訓練課程中發放，共回收758份有效問卷；以結構方程模型進行資料分析，並以群組比較來了解有無感染登革熱經驗在自變項對依變項的影響是否具有顯著差異。結果：統計結果顯示健康信念模型的四個變項（自覺罹患性、自覺嚴重性、自覺益處、自覺障礙）以及Wb防治法的知識對Wb防治法的態度均有顯著影響，其中自覺障礙呈現負向影響。此外，是否有感染登革熱的經驗也對自覺嚴重性和自覺障礙的認知與Wb防治法態度之間的影響具有顯著的調節作用。結論：建立Wb防治法健康信念模型，並提出Wb防治法社區溝通推廣策略的建議。

Objectives: This study surveyed community dengue fever specialists, exploring their attitudes toward the application of the Wolbachia method for dengue fever prevention and control and the related influencing factors. Methods: The study framework was based on the health belief model and had four personal health belief variables as independent variables, attitudes toward the Wolbachia method as the dependent variable, knowledge of the Wolbachia method as the control variable, and personal or family experience with dengue fever as a moderator variable. A self-designed and validated questionnaire was distributed to specialist staff during training courses, and 758 valid responses were collected. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships among variables. Results: The statistical results revealed that the four variables of the health belief model (i.e., perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers) and knowledge of the Wolbachia method significantly influenced the respondents’attitudes toward the Wolbachia method; notably, the influence of perceived barriers was negative. Additionally, the experience of being infected with dengue fever was identified as a significant moderator of the relationships between two independent variables (i.e., perceived severity and perceived barriers) and the dependent variable. Conclusions: A health belief model for the Wolbachia method should be established, and strategies for promoting and communicating the Wolbachia method to the public should be extensively employed.