我國北部商港貨櫃移轉之社會效益分析

Analysis of the Integrated Development of Container Transport in Taiwan North Ports

我國北部鄰近的兩個國際商港（基隆港與臺北港）服務腹地重疊，臺北港雖定位為基隆港之輔助港，但近年來承載的貨櫃量已超越基隆港。站在國家立場，基隆港與臺北港，本就屬合作分工關係，兩港是一體的，應透過港際的整合，來發揮整體港埠的競爭力。本研究先蒐整兩港過去與未來的發展定位，再分析基隆港與臺北港近年來近洋與遠洋貨櫃航線的資料，以顯示兩港在北部地區貨櫃運輸的角色。進一步借鏡亞洲鄰近的釜山港及新加坡港兩個大型國際港口貨櫃運輸整合朝集中發展案例，再實際估算北部商港貨櫃運輸若朝集中發展，將基隆港部分貨櫃移轉至臺北港的社會效益。研析後得知，由於北部地區的貨源大都集中在臺北港的經濟腹地中，貨櫃運輸若由基隆港移轉至臺北港，將可產生社會效益。

Keelung Port and Taipei Port are two international commercial ports in northern Taiwan. Although Taipei Port is positioned as an auxiliary port of Keelung Port with overlapping service hinterlands, its container volume has surpassed Keelung Port in recent years and become a competitive relationship. From the government’s standpoint, the two ports should work in collaboration to make a success and the port’s competitiveness will be increased. Firstly, this study defines their role in container transportation for Taiwan’s northern region by analyzing the numerical data of shipping routes in recent years. Furthermore, this study refers to the two Asian major international ports, Busan Port and Singapore Port, which are successfully integrated towards the centralized development, as a model. Lastly, this article estimates the social benefits by assuming that the two commercial ports develop towards centralized development. The study finds out that since most goods in the northern region are concentrated in the economic hinterland of Taipei Port, social benefits will be generated if container transportation is transferred from Keelung Port to Taipei Port.