臺灣蜂蜜花粉之研究（I）

Melitopalynological Study in Taiwan (I)

從88個在1983年4月及5月期間於本省中、南部所收集到的蜂蜜樣品所做花粉分析的結果顯示，蜂蜜中的花粉，蟲媒花和風媒花植物均有。由各種花粉出現的百分比得知，本省春天之主要蜜源植物為蟲媒花的龍眼和荔枝，次為番石榴和蓮霧，其次為風媒花植物如菊科，榆科（山黃麻、朴樹），大戟科（血桐、梧桐、烏桕）、桑科、禾本科、蓼科（酸模屬）等。此外，茶科，豆科（香思樹）芸香科（柑橘屬）等之花粉，亦常在蜂蜜中出現。本研究共鑑定44,000粒花粉，計53種分屬於35科。樣品中有10個為雜花蜜，78個為單花蜜。單花蜜中，72個為龍眼蜜，2個為荔枝蜜，3個為番石榴蜜，1個為菊花蜜。由計算每克蜂蜜所含花粉數量的結果顯示，88個樣品中，有10個樣品之花粉個數少於2,000個，此可能是蜂蜜被攙假或蜜蜂被餵糖漿所致。

Eighty-eight honey samples collected from Middle and South Taiwan between April and May were investigated. Totally, pollen of 53 taxa belonging to 35 families were identified. Both pollen from entomophilous and anemophilous plants were presented in the hooey samples. The major honey source plants in the spring are Euphoria longana and Litchi chinensis. Pollen of Myrtaceae (Psidium guajava or Syzygium javanicum) is sometimes dominant. Other anemophilous plants, such as Compositae, Ulmaceae (Trema and Celtis), Euphorbiaceae (Macaranga tanarius, Mallotus japonicus and Sapium sebiferum), Moraceae, Gramineae and Polygonaceae (Rumex) are also considerable amount of pollen in the honey. Pollen of Leguminosae (Acacia confusa), Rutaceae (Citrus), etc., also are present frequently. Of the 88 samples, 10 are multifloral honey, 78 are unifloral honey. Amoung the unifloral honeys, 72 are of Longan honey, 2 of Lychee honey, 3 of Psidium honey and one of Compositae honey. The absolute pollen frequency per gram honey was counted.