2016至2022年臺灣推動潛伏結核感染治療處方與對象分析

The Evolution of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Regimens And Analysis of The Completion Rates, Taiwan, 2016–2022

潛伏結核感染(latent tuberculosis infection, LTBI)治療主要目的是在結核病發病前，以抗結核藥物殺滅潛伏在身體的結核菌。每天服用Isoniazid (INH) 6到12個月是國際上最早開始且使用超過半個世紀的LTBI治療處方，INH處方雖安全有效，但因療程長導致完成服藥比率較低。我國參考世界衛生組織(WHO)指引建議及國際經驗，陸續新增3HP、4R、3HR及1HP等多種短程處方，提供更多選擇性。本研究回溯結核病追蹤管理系統中2016年至2022年加入LTBI治療之個案資料，分析處方、使用對象以及完成治療情形，說明國內推動LTBI治療之演進。

Treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is an important strategy for achieving TB elimination. Due to its effectiveness and safety, Isoniazid (INH) is the preferred regimen worldwide. However, the longer treatment duration of 6-12 months has resulted in lower completion rates. In line with the World Health Organization guidelines and international experience, Taiwan’s National TB Program has updated its LTBI treatment guidelines to include shorter regimens such as 3HP, 4R, 3HR, and 1HP as alternative options. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the LTBI treatment regimens and compare the completion rates between 2016 and 2022, using the TB database obtained from the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, to illustrate the progress and scaling up of LTBI treatment in Taiwan.