職涯後期何去何從──探討職涯高原對漸進式退休之影響

What to do in later period of career The impact of career plateau on gradual retirement

台灣即將邁入超高齡社會，未來的勞動力勢必面臨短缺的問題。因此，中高齡工作者於企業的勞動力運用逐漸成為人力資源管理實務的重要議題。有鑑於此，本研究嘗試探討中高齡工作者的職涯高原與漸進式退休之關係，並分別將工作意義與綑綁型社會資本作為中介變數與調節變數，嘗試探討其過程機制。具體而言，本研究採用問卷調查法，前後共回收436份有效問卷。結果顯示，層級型高原與工作意義的負向關係不成立，而工作意義在層級型高原與漸進式退休的中介效果不成立；工作內容型高原與工作意義有正向效果，而工作意義在工作內容型高原與漸進式退休之中介效果成立。除此之外，綑綁型社會資本在層級型高原與工作意義的調節效果不成立，亦不會調節層級型高原的中介效果；而工作內容型高原與工作意義存在了調節效果，並能夠調節工作內容型高原的中介效果。本研究依照上述結果，於文末提出學術與實務意涵以及未來研究方向。

Taiwan is on the verge of entering a super-aged society, and the future labor force is inevitably facing shortages. Consequently, the arrangement of middle-aged and elderly workers in enterprises has gradually become a significant issue in human resource management practices. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between career plateaus and gradual retirement among middle-aged and elderly workers, the mediating effect of meaningfulness of work and the moderating effect of bonding social capital were examined as well. A total of 436 valid questionnaires were collected. The results indicate that the negative relationship between the hierarchical plateau and meaningfulness of work isn't supported, and the mediating effect of meaningfulness of work between the hierarchical plateau and gradual retirement also is not supported. Whereas the work content plateau has a positive effect on meaningfulness of work, and then the mediating effect of meaningfulness of work between the work content plateau and the gradual retirement is supported. In addition, the moderating effect of bonding social capital on the hierarchical plateau and meaningfulness of work is not established, and the moderating mediation effect of the hierarchical plateau also isn't supported. However, the bonding social capital has a moderating effect between the relationship on work content plateau and meaningfulness of work, and then bonding social capital can moderate the mediating effect of work content plateau. Based on these findings, the study concludes by presenting academic and practical implications, as well as suggesting directions for future research.