李光地、李清馥祖孫與明末清初閩地朱子學的鄉里實踐

Li Guang-di, Li Qing-fu and practices of Cheng-Zhu school of Confucianism in Fujian in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties

本文聚焦於李光地、李清馥祖孫二人，以及其所承繼的閩地學術傳統，並透過各種史料文獻，詳細討論此一學術傳統如何由「吾學」向「閩學」轉化的思想史歷程。本研究並嘗試由地方社會史的角度，重新詮釋解讀李氏在閩地鄉里中的理學實踐，如何配合著其延續一地學術願景。經由多方面取徑來討論理學在福建地區的發展，以及其在地化的相關演變過程。筆者透過對史料文獻的討論與詳細分析，進而發現明末清初時期閩地理學傳承的形成過程中，若干師友脈絡被特別加強，但有一些師承關係卻被刻意淡化。事實上，李光地與其孫李清馥可以說在其中扮演了極為重要的角色，李光地兩代人的重要性正在於他們試圖將明中葉以來蔡清、陳琛、林希元等人的思想編纂成一地的學術淵源。我們由李氏後人李清馥編纂的《閩中理學淵源考》中，可以觀察到李氏祖孫兩代人對於閩地理學傳承的理解與編排過程，從而深入探討明清之際閩地理學的發展與變遷。最後，筆者進一步由李光地對於理學思想的轉化與實踐著手，詳論其在閩地理學思想演進中的重要地位，並且綜合討論其對閩地學術傳承的曲折延續，以及轉化的歷史進程。

In this study, I will focus on the tradition of the intellectual history of the Minxue which was represented by the local elites of the Fujian area. This article will focus on Li Guang-di(1642-1718), Li Qing-fu(1703-?) and their inherited academic and intellectual traditions. In this research, I try to use various local historical documents, and discuss the intellectual history which focus on the academic tradition of Minxue. Firstly, this academic study intends to reinterpret Li Guang-di, Li Qing-fu practice of Neo-Confucianism in Fujian area in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Secondly, I will discuss the development of Neo- Confucianism in Fujian area and the evolution process of its localization through various approaches. Li Guang-di and his grandson Li Qing-fu played an important role in this process. The importance of the two generations of Li is that they provide a perspective based on local academics, trying to compile the ideas of Cai Qing, Chen Chēn, Lin Xi-yuan and others since the mid- Ming Dynasty into a single academic tradition. Finally, in this essay, we will discuss the formation of the transforms and practices of Li Guang-di's various Neo-Confucianism thoughts, discussed in detail its important position in the evolution of their intellectual thought and the process of transformation of Neo- Confucianism. Through those materials, we can find out there have a kind of intellectual transmit and their own historical process of Neo-Confucianism in Fujian area during the Fifteenth to Eighteenth Century.