2015至2021年臺中國際機場港埠衛生監測之分析

The Sanitation Surveillance at Taichung International Airport, Taiwan, 2015–2021

分析2015至2021年臺中國際機場港埠衛生監測資料，航機掃蚊僅捕獲1隻熱帶家蚊，由於是從東南亞航班飛抵臺中的航機上捕捉，故推測是外來蚊種。使用氣味誘引捕蚊器調查成蚊，共發現6種蚊子，包括熱帶家蚊、地下家蚊、白線斑蚊、白肋斑蚊、三斑家蚊與環紋家蚊等，其中以熱帶家蚊數量最多（404隻、91.4%），地下家蚊次之（27隻、6.1%），其他蚊種則是零星捕獲。氣味誘引捕蚊器捕獲的蚊子，未進行蚊種基因定序分析，因此無法與國內蚊種比對親緣關係。病媒蚊產卵調查結果，全年可發現誘卵桶有白線斑蚊產卵紀錄，平均每月陽性率在8至9月期間可達52.3%。捕鼠作業中，捕獲溝鼠及臭鼩等2種鼠類。在2015年捕獲的溝鼠及2017年捕獲的臭鼩，曾經檢測漢他病毒陽性。依滅鼠毒餌站之餌料攝食情形，推測機場環境中有鼠類活動的跡象。蚊子及鼠類是國際港埠衛生監測的重要病媒，因此建議機場經營管理單位參考監測資料，適時加強港埠環境衛生管理，宣導各駐站單位工作人員落實環境積水容器管理與容器減量及落實防鼠三不政策（不讓鼠類來、不讓鼠類吃及不讓鼠類住），降低病媒蚊及鼠類傳播疾病風險，維護旅客與工作人員的健康。

According to Taichung International Airport sanitation surveillance data from 2015 to 2021, only 1 Culex quinquefasciatus was captured from a Southeast Asia airplane, and it was speculated to be an exotic species. Adult mosquito survey captured 6 species of mosquito, including Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. pipiens, Aedes albopictus, Ae. vexens vexans, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, and Cx. Annulus. The major species was Cx. Quinquefasciatus (404, 91.4%) and Cx. Pipiens (27, 6.1%); others were sporadic. The mosquito captured by BG-Sentinel traps did not process the DNA sequencing for comparison. The average positive rate of ovitraps was 52.3% during summer, but the eggs of Aedes albopictus could be found throughout the year. The main rodent species in the surveillance were Rattus norvegicus and Suncus murinus. The results of serum antibody surveys on Rattus norvegicus in 2015 and Suncus murinus in 2017 were positive for hantavirus. According to the consumption of rodenticide baits, rodents were still active in the airport.
Mosquitos and rodents are the major surveillance vectors in international airports. We suggest that the airport authority should monitor the surveillance data, improve port sanitation, and raise awareness of the importance of environmental sanitation to reduce the transmission of disease by mosquitoes and rodents to protect the health of travelers and workers.