都市居民面對氣候變遷之風險感知、環境態度、親環境行為及對集合住宅綠化願付價格之研究

A study in climate change research: Risk Perception, Environmental Attitude, Pro environmental Behavior, and Willingness to Pay for Greening of Congregate Housing of Urban Residents

現今為了緩解都市熱島，多數朝向建築綠化發展，實際綠化行為也考量到都市居民對於氣候變遷之風險感知，以及都市居民對於環境的態度，甚至是願意支付多少費用來進行對環境有益之行為。本研究問卷蒐集的方式，驗證氣候變遷之風險感知、環境態度、親環境行為及綠化願付價格之結構關係。研究結果顯示，都市居民對於氣候變遷之風險感知會正向影響環境態度；環境態度會正向影響親環境行為；風險感知會正向影響親環境行為；環境態度會正向影響綠化願付價格；親環境行為會正向影響綠化願付價格；並且，根據卡方檢定，分析人口統計變項與綠化願付價格之結果，除了不同的生理性別與綠化願付價格不具差異性，其餘不同年齡、不同居住時間、不同居住之行政區、不同居住家中具經濟能力人數比例、不同婚姻狀態、不同受教程度、不同家庭平均月收入、不同居住房屋平均月管理費、不同居住房屋管理委員會形式、居住房屋有無公共綠化、居住房屋公共綠化是否足夠，皆具有差異性。另外，建築綠化偏好的結果為大部分集合住宅的都市居民較偏好居住房屋建築的屋頂施作庭園型綠化，但是自家陽台較偏好盆缽型綠化，而對於居住房屋建築的牆面綠化以及陽台的牆面綠化皆偏好活動式綠牆。

Today, most urban developments are oriented towards green buildings to alleviate the urban heat island effect. Actual greening efforts consider urban residents' perception of climate change risks, their attitudes towards the environment, and even how much they are willing to pay for environmentally beneficial actions. The data collected in this study through questionnaires verify the structural relationships between climate change risk perception, environmental attitudes, pro-environmental behavior, and the willingness to pay for greening. The research results show that urban residents' perception of climate change risks positively influences environmental attitudes. Environmental attitudes have a positive impact on pro-environmental behavior. Risk perception positively affects pro-environmental behavior. Environmental attitudes positively affect the willingness to pay for greening, and pro-environmental behavior positively influences the willingness to pay for greening.
Additionally, based on chi-square tests analyzing demographic variables and the willingness to pay for greening, it is found that apart from no significant differences between different genders and the willingness to pay for greening, other factors such as age, length of residence, administrative district of residence, the proportion of economically capable individuals in the household, marital status, education level, average monthly household income, average monthly maintenance fees for residence, the form of residence's management committee, the presence of public greenery in residence, and whether the public greenery in the residence is sufficient, all exhibit significant differences. Furthermore, the preferences for building greening indicate that most urban residents in collective housing prefer rooftop gardens on their residential buildings, but they prefer potted plants on their balconies. Regarding wall greening on residential buildings and balcony wall greening, there is a preference for active green walls.