有機水稻生產效率與標竿農場經營之分析

An Analysis of Organic Rice Productive Efficiency and Benchmark Farm Management Biing

根據有機農業資訊網2020年12月有機栽培面積概況統計資料，全臺有機種植面積為10,789公頃，其中以有機水稻3,289公頃最大。以往研究有機水稻大多著重於生產技術及成本收益分析，然其生產效率及標竿農場經營特性為何？較缺乏運用農政單位的調查資料做概括性地探討。本研究根據2021年「有機農場作物栽培經營與效益之研究」計畫，針對2020年農糧署有機水稻成本調查資料，以資料包絡分析有機水稻農場之生產效率，得到2020年一期作有機水稻效率平均值為0.692，2020年二期作有機水稻效率平均值為0.665，顯示2020年兩個期作有機水稻農場生產效率均尚有改善空間。本研究選擇生產效率值為1的農場作為標竿農場，進一步瞭解各期作標竿農場之經營特性，諸如因素生產力、經營能力及經營成果等，冀能提供各期作有機水稻農場之參考，藉以提高臺灣有機水稻農場之生產效率。

Based on the organic agriculture information network in December2020, the area of organic cultivation in Taiwan was 10,789 hectares. The organic rice farms with 3,289 hectares were the largest among those crops Regarding the research on organic rice, most of them focused on the planting technology and cost-benefit analysis. However, quite a few studies related to productive efficiency and benchmark farming adopted the official survey data and had comprehensive discussions. This study followed the project of“Crops Cultivation and Benefits of Organic Farms”in 2021. The productive efficiency of organic rice was estimated by DEA methodology based on the survey data of organic rice cost in 2020conducted by the Agriculture and Food Agency, MOA. The results show that the average efficiency of organic rice in the first crop of 2020was 0.692. The average efficiency of organic rice in the second crop of 2020was 0.665.
These show that some of organic rice farms still have room for improvement to enhance the production efficiency in the two period crops of 2020. Few organic rice farms got the technical efficiency, which estimated value was equal to 1. Those farms were chosen as benchmark farms. To detailedly analyze the operation characteristics of benchmark farmers for each crop, some of management indicators were adopted such as factor productivity, management ability, and operation performance. Those indicators could provide the other organic rice farmers for management references to strength their efficiency.