監護處分之病人家屬賦能理論與實務

Theory and Practice of Empowerment for Family Members of Patients Under Custodial Protection Sentence

賦能不僅對病人有益，同樣也可以對病人的家屬提供支持和幫助。賦能應用於監護處分之病人家屬可分為三個部分：增進家屬對於醫療的投入—透過衛教，提供疾病概述、治療選項、預後和護理重點，另外藉由整合病人家屬之不同意見，建立良好的合作關係，及時傳達病情變化和治療計畫，讓家屬更了解病情，並積極參與決策；緩解家屬的焦慮感—因為監護處分涉及司法案件，監護處分病人的家屬較一般病人的家屬面臨更多的壓力，透過護理師的情感支持和聆聽，讓家屬有機會表達他們的擔憂，可以讓病人家屬的情緒得到安慰甚至是鼓勵；提升家屬後續照護技巧—監護處分的目的是避免再犯，家屬在出院後須承擔許多照護上的責任，藉由護理師將病房中照顧經驗分享、發病徵兆的觀察等，教導家屬，可以使家屬更有能力照顧病人，並在轉銜上，協助家屬清楚流程並且得到尊重。本研究除整理理論外，亦介紹實務上經驗，分享賦能如何提升監護處分病人家屬的照護能力，並建議在監護處分病人的照顧上，值得善加運用。

Empowerment not only benefits patients but also provides support and assistance to their family members, especially in cases when patients are subject to custodial protection sentences. The positive effects of empowerment on patients’family members may be summarized into three main aspects, including: enhancing their engagement in healthcare, alleviating their anxiety, and enhancing their caregiving skills. With regard to enhancing engagement in healthcare, family members receive health education that provides an overview of the illness, treatment options, prognosis, and key nursing points and allows them to better understand the patient’s condition and actively participate in decision-making. With regard to alleviating anxiety, patients under custodial protection sentences are involved in legal problems, which results in higher levels of stress for family members compared to their peers caring for general patients. Through emotional support and active listening, nurses provide opportunities for family members to express their concerns and offer comfort and encouragement, helping them cope with difficulties and pressures. With regard to enhancing caregiving skills, the purpose of custodial protection sentences is to prevent recidivism, and family members bear significant responsibility for caregiving after discharge. Nurses can share similar caregiving experiences from their ward, educate family members about observing symptoms, and provide guidance, thereby strengthening their caregiving capabilities. In addition, with regard to the disposition of patients, nurses assist family members to understand the medical process and provide necessary guidance, ensuring family members have a clear understanding and are respected during the preparations for discharge. Based on related theoretical frameworks and practical experiences, this research highlights the positive role of empowerment in enhancing the caregiving abilities and satisfaction of the family members of patients, particularly those subject to custodial protection sentences.