以反應曲面法探討中式管灌配方設計之研究

Research on the Design of Chinese-style Enteral Formula Using Response Surface Methodology

本研究目的主要是將目前市售商業奶類配方營養品，更改為中式天然食品配方營養品，以期降低乳糖不耐症所造成的腹瀉。利用反應曲面法之實驗設計，開發創新以中式天然食品原料製備管灌營養商品，並針對中式管灌營養品最適加工配方設計與操作條件的建立。在配方設計方面，經由實驗設計電腦統計軟體計算出，以每罐300大卡之最適主食類配方原料比例為胚芽米5克、馬鈴薯60克、玉米粉15克，可得最適通過鼻胃管黏度值223 cps。在食品加工製程方面，主要探討製程中經由不同轉數、溫度與時間進行精磨、殺菌及官能品評測試等。其最適加工精磨條件為1500 rpm，5min，可以使95%經精磨後原料通過80-120 mesh，殺菌條件則以121°C，20 min，對各類營養素影響最小。而在中式管灌樣品整體品評試驗中，以蛋為配方之樣品，最為品評員所接受。最適配方設計與食品加工製程條件，對各類營養素均能符合所設計每日攝取營養含量，足以提供需長期使用管灌患者之營養及熱量需求。

The primary aim of this study is to modify commercially available milk-based enteral nutrition formulas to Chinese-style natural food-based formulas, in order to mitigate the diarrhea caused by lactose intolerance. Using response surface methodology for experimental design, we have developed innovative enteral nutrition products made from Chinese-style natural food ingredients and established the optimal formula design and operational conditions. For the formula design, using statistical software for experimental design calculations, the optimal main food formula ingredient ratio for 300 kcal per can is 5g of germ rice, 60g of potatoes, and 15g of corn flour, which yielded an optimal nasogastric tube viscosity value of 223 cps. In terms of food processing, the study mainly examines the refining, sterilization, and sensory evaluation tests carried out at different speeds, temperatures, and times. The optimal refining conditions are 1500 rpm for 5 minutes, which allows 95% of the refined ingredients to pass through 80-120 mesh, and the sterilization condition is 121°C for 20 minutes, which has the minimal impact on various nutrients. In the overall sensory evaluation test of the Chinese-style enteral samples, the samples with egg in the formula were the most accepted by the evaluators. The optimal formula design and food processing conditions meet the daily intake of all types of nutrients as designed, sufficiently providing for the nutritional and caloric needs of patients requiring long-term enteral nutrition.