醫療法第106條2014年修法後醫療暴力相關判決之實證分析

An Empirical Analysis of Medical Violence-Related Judgments Following the 2014 Amendment of Article 106 of the Medical Act

為瞭解醫療法2014年修正後我國醫療暴力案件的發展現況，本研究以「醫療法第106條」為關鍵字，蒐集2014年1月至2022年2月25日間共743則醫療暴力判決，進行以敘述性統計為主的量化分析。研究結果發現，所有判決平均刑度約為76天，中部地區案件數居冠（130件），醫院層級則以區域醫院最多（342件）。另外超過6成受暴人數為護理師，發生地點過半發生在急診室。暴力方式則以單純肢體暴力佔多數（345件），其次為單純言語暴力（314件）。而在影響刑度因素部分，唯一有顯著影響的因素為發生地點（F=3.5，p=0.01），案件發生在門診之平均刑度（86.7天）會明顯高於病房（72.6天）以及急診（71.8天）。而在緩刑結果部分，96.8%的緩刑案件為非累犯，其中同樣以肢體暴力之案件比例最高（90件，58%）。上述發現呈現醫療暴力判決數量近年進入高原期，這可能凸顯醫療暴力情形並未獲得明顯改善，但也可能是反映越來越多人願意就醫療暴力案件提出爭訟，究竟具體原因為何，有待後續研究進行更深入探究。

To understand the status of medical violence cases in our country following the 2014 amendment of the Medical Care Act, this study used“Article 106 of the Medical Care Act”as the keyword to collect a total of 743 medical violence-related judgments from January 2014 to February 25, 2022. Descriptive statistics of these cases revealed that the average sentence for all judgements was 76 days. Geographically, the region with the highest number of cases is central Taiwan (130 cases). Regional hospitals reported the highest number of cases among healthcare institutions (342 cases). Additionally, over 60% of the victims were nurses, and more than half of the incidents occurred in emergency departments. Physical assaults were the most common form of violence (345 cases), followed by verbal abuse (314 cases). The only significant factor affecting sentencing was the location of the incident (F=3.5, p=0.01), with violence in outpatient departments receiving higher average sentences (86.7 days) compared to wards (72.6 days) and emergency departments (71.8 days). Regarding probations, 96.8% involved firsttime offenders, with the majority committing physical assaults (90 cases, 58%). These findings indicate that the number of medical violence cases has plateaued in recent years. This could indicate that the situation hasn't significantly improved or that there is an increasing willingness among victims to pursue legal action in medical violence cases. However, further research is necessary to understand the specific reasons behind these trends.