重返舊部落：松林舊部落伊那閣尋查、清整與測繪之松林部落史重建

Return to the Former Settlement: Reconstruction of the History of Songlin Tribe Based on Surveying, Surface Cleaning and Field Sketching in the Abandoned Settlement of Inago (イナゴ)

近年來臺灣原住民族不同形式的重返舊部落行動蓬勃發展，這些重返祖居地的行動，大多定位於歷史現場情感重溫與族群認同凝聚的意義上，進而可能是歷史遺構保存或重建，抑或轉化成觀光資源的發展企圖。我們認為，歷史遺構的清整測繪與文化資產保存，以及依新材料基礎重新進行調查的訪問記錄，應該是其中刻不容緩的歷史任務。
其次，部落史傳統的呈現方法大多仍以文獻蒐集與調查訪問呈現，延伸可能是影像、音樂、模型等媒體形貌，但基本上仍採用傳統的文獻基礎與田野訪談方法。近年來人類學界在舊部落的考古行動與方法發展蓬勃，首先我們認為，借用人類學嚴謹科學方式的考古方式在舊部落內進行清整，不失為一種新的方法記錄與呈現部落史，亦即，在舊部落內不進行地表土下地層發掘，但在表面清整時採用考古學方法：現場分區，歷史物件地表採集時記錄位置與脈絡；每日每區記錄工作內容；表土清除後發現新的現象或歷史遺構時，立刻進行拍照及方格網繪圖。其次在測繪上，採用建築學的測量與繪圖工法技術，準確呈現舊部落現場比例、遺構方位、現象的比例與樣貌等，精準呈現。最後的再訪談，依照清整後的現象、歷史物件與測繪圖等新材料，對照舊文獻後，依此新建的基礎，重新對部落耆老進行訪談，取得新的口訪資料。
本文的撰寫，先進行傳統方式中的文獻資料蒐集整理，以及歷年的訪談內容，先作綜合整理呈現。接著再加入考古方法的清整與採集，以及現場精準測繪諸成果。最後由部落青年依清整、採集、測繪等成果取得的新材料基礎，重新訪談部落耆老。我們希望，以此三者，更加完整地呈現松林的部落史。

Recently we observe vigorous emergence of actions to return to the former settlement in various forms among Taiwan aborigines. These actions to return to the abandoned settlement mostly focus on the onsite remembrance of the lost days and reformation of ethnic identity, potentiating into preservation/ reconstruction of the former buildings and tourism. We hold, however, it is much more urgent now for us to pay attention to surface cleaning and field sketching of the former buildings, culture heritage preservation and collecting the interview data based on the new findings therefrom.
In contrast to the relatively limited methods of traditional mainstream presentation of tribe history, namely, literature review and field interview, albeit appendixed with media profiles in video, music, models, etc., we see more divergent development in methodology in the anthropologists' archeological actions on former settlement. We thus dare, on the one hand, to propose to borrow one of the scientific methods that anthropologists often use, viz., surface cleaning and take it as a plausible alternative to record and present tribe history. Although we use methods similar to archeology, we have to emphasize this study is not legitimately archeological. Without digging into the ground, we only adopt the archeological methods of cleaning on the surface: (1) area classification–we record the location and context when retrieving the artifacts on the surface; (2) we write down findings in each area on each date; (3) photos and grid drawings are immediately taken when new phenomena or historical buildings are found in surface cleaning. On the other hand, we adopt architectural technology of measurement and drafting in field sketch, representing accurate site ratios, directions of the historical buildings, ratios and profiles of the phenomena, etc. Afterwards, we compare the new findings with the existing literature, and based on that comparison we revisit the elders in the tribe and obtain new oral interview data.
To sum up, we first review and summarize the existing literature and interview data. Then we include the findings we obtain via surface cleaning, measurement and field sketch onsite. Finally the tribal youth revisit the elders with our new findings in hand and obtain new interview data. We hope to contribute a more complete presentation of the history of Songlin Tribe in the light of these three dimensions.