「邊界」作為意象：論宋詩中的「白溝」書寫

“Boundary”As Symbol: On the Writing of“Bai Gou”in Song Poetry

在宋、遼於澶淵之盟訂立和議條件之後，「白溝」成為兩國之間明確的地理分界，依據歷史學者的研究，宋人的邊界意識因為「白溝」的畫設而越來越清晰，而這也伴隨著「我者」（宋）與「他者」（非宋）進一步的分別，宋朝在「邊界意識」上儼然有類近於近世民族主義之處。「邊界」在宋代產生的新意義，應亦反映於宋人對白溝的感知。因此，本文欲以《全宋詩》中三十首明確提及「白溝」的詩作為分析對象，探討北宋至元初的詩人如何就著「白溝」這一象徵符號呈現自身對「邊界」的認識與情感。本文認為，從宋詩中的「白溝」書寫，頗能呈現文學如何在特定的歷史脈絡下建構空間與人的關係。此外，本文也在「宋代邊界意識增強」的大論述下，藉白溝書寫指出由北宋至南宋，宋人確實漸次地深化了對「邊界」的認識，也更為重視「邊界」的意義。

After Song Dynasty(宋朝) and Liao Dynasty(遼朝) signed Chan Yuan Treaty(澶淵之盟),“Bai Gou River”(白溝河) became clear border between two countries. According to historical studies, the boundary awareness, along with further discrimination between“the Self”(Song) and“the Other”(non-Song), became clear due to the establishment of“Bai Gou.”It seems Song’s boundary awareness is similar to modern nationalism. The perception of the“boundary”might reflect the new meaning of“boundary”invented in Song. By reading thirty poems explicitly mentioning Bai Gou selected from The Complete Collection of Song Period Poems(全宋詩), the subject of this thesis is to study how poets from Northern Song(北宋) to early Yuan (元) used“Bai Gou”as symbol to present their own knowledge and feeling of“border.”In conclusion, how literature constructed the relationship between space and people in specific historical context is well demonstrated in the writing of“Bai Gou”in Song Poetry. Furthermore, through the poetry, this article also points out that Song people deepened their understanding of the“boundary,”and attached more significance to it, which supplements the general opinion of“the enhancement of boundary awareness in the Song Dynasty”with more details.