大學生運動休閒情緒感染量表之發展

The Development of Emotional Contagion Scale on Sport and Leisure of the College Student

情緒感染量表在臺灣目前僅有為社工人員而編製，缺少以大學生為對象，且針對運動休閒情境而編製的量表，因此，本研究旨在發展臺灣大學生運動休閒情緒感染量表，供未來研究之採用。而在量表的編製上，以Doherty（1997）的情緒感染量表提出五個因素：愛、快樂、恐懼、生氣與悲傷為基礎，結合運動休閒的情境，編出初稿，共有愛（6題）、快樂（6題）、恐懼（6題）、生氣（5題）與悲傷（4題）等五個因素，並先請大學生、運動休閒實務工作者、高中教師與大學學者等共五人，加以修改。之後以偏最小平方法的驗證性因素分析，來建構信、效度。量表的發展共經初始、修正與複核等三個模型的驗證，也分別取樣二批樣本，前二模型抽取大學生100人，後者是220人。結果：本量表經初始、修正與複核模型的檢驗，在刪除2題後，各因素的題目介於4至6題，而因素負荷量、組合信度、平均變異萃取量與區別效度皆符合標準，亦即本量表具有可接受的信、效度。是以，本研究共發展出五因素25題的大學生運動休閒情緒感染量表，可做為未來相關研究的工具。

The Emotional Contagion Scale in Taiwan is currently only developed for social workers and lacks a version tailored to university students, particularly in the context of sport and leisure. Therefore, this study aims to develop the Emotional Contagion Scale for Taiwanese university students in the context of sport and leisure, filling this gap for future research. In the development of the scale, five factors—love, happiness, fear, anger, and sadness—based on Doherty's (1997) Emotional Contagion Scale, were combined with the context of sport and leisure to create an initial draft. The draft included five factors: Love (6 items), Happiness (6 items), Fear (6 items), Anger (5 items), and Sadness (4 items). The draft was then modified with input from university students, sport and leisure practitioners, high school teachers, and university scholars. Subsequently, the scale underwent partial least squares confirmatory factor analysis (PLS-CFA) to establish its reliability and validity. The scale's development involved three stages: the initial model, modified model, and cross-validity model, each validated with two separate sample groups—100 university students for the first two models and 220 for the cross-validity model. Results showed that after eliminating two questions, each factor had 4 to 6 items. The loading factor (λ), composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), and discriminant validity (DV) all met the standard criteria, indicating that the scale has acceptable reliability and validity. In conclusion, this study has developed a five-factor, 25-item Emotional Contagion Scale for university students in the context of sport and leisure, providing a valuable tool for future related research.