日本林業政策與推動公共設施使用木造建築之研究

Research on Japanese forestry policy and promoting the use of wooden buildings in public facilities

日本在二次大戰後因急需復興，因此大量生產木材。1964年日本開放木材進口後導致國產材價格暴跌影響到林業經濟，導致從事林業山村人口外流，森林開始荒廢。因戰後大量種植的人工林缺乏整理，而對環境產生嚴重的衝擊，加上國際間的環境保育議題，使得日本政府開始重新檢視林業政策，透過國產材的推廣提升木材自給率，加強荒廢林地規劃經營，並以法律規範由政府帶頭在公共設施優先使用國產材。本研究分析日本森林政策，並對木造建築使用對策與實際運用進行田野調查，結果發現日本在使用國產材運用在公共建築上有很大的效益，並透過國產材的推廣提升木材自給率。

Japan was in desperate need of revival after the Second World War, so it produced a large amount of wood. After Japan opened timber imports in 1964, the price of domestic timber fell sharply, which affected the forestry economy, leading to the outflow of people engaged in forestry villages and the forest began to fall into disuse. Due to the lack of consolidation of a large number of planted forests after the war, which had a serious impact on the environment, coupled with international environmental conservation issues, the Japanese government began to re-examine the forestry policy, increase the self-sufficiency rate of timber through the promotion of domestic timber, and strengthen the planning of abandoned forest land. The government will take the lead in the use of domestic timber in public facilities in accordance with laws and regulations. This research analyzes Japan’s forest policy and conducts field surveys on the countermeasures and practical use of wooden buildings. The results found that Japan’s use of domestic wood in public buildings has great benefits, and the promotion of domestic wood has increased its self-sufficiency rate of wood.