輪椅輔具耐震性能安全評估

Seismic Performance Assessment of Wheelchairs

本研究採用系統識別的方法，針對輪椅使用者在地震力作用下於建築物內之翻覆風險，進行振動台實驗與分析。初步發現於300gal的正弦波作用下，在激振頻率為0.9~1.1Hz，最易發生劇烈搖擺（Rocking）及翻覆（Overturning）；在0.8~2.3Hz，可能產生一定程度之搖擺。換言之，在總樓高為4至13層的建物中，概括所有輪椅在建築物設計加速度下均有翻覆之風險，其中9至11層的建物中輪椅翻覆的風險最高。本文亦提供關於臨震之安全建議，主要發現改變輪椅的邊界條件，可有效降低輪椅加速度，進而降低可能翻覆之風險，因此照護者於後側蹲馬步協助抵抗地震力，或使用者自己雙手緊握環境中之固定物，抑或是將雙腳放置地面，都會是可有效減緩輪椅傾覆地震反應之作法。

This research studies factors that may mitigate or exacerbate the overturning risk of a wheelchair during an earthquake, depending on their response behavior or environmental conditions. Preliminary findings include the high risk of wheel-chair overturning in buildings whose height range from 4 to 13-storeys, and the highest risk of wheel-chair overturning in buildings whose height is 9 to11-storeys. This article also studied safety postures to wheelchair users in earthquakes. It is found that increasing external support conditions of the wheelchair can effectively reduce the acceleration of the wheelchair, thereby reducing the risk of possible overturning. Therefore, the caregiver holding on the back side chair arm helps would resist the earthquake force, or the user grasps fixed objects nearby with own hands, or place feet on the ground, these postures can effectively reduce the earthquake overturning risk.