我國高級中等學校以下學校適應體育實施成效之探析

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Adapted Physical Education for Grades 1-12

適應體育是為了所有身心障礙或病弱之學生所設計的體育課程，本研究基於教育公平之目的，了解我國高級中等以下學校適應體育發展現況，並對適應體育資源合理分配提出政策建言。本研究主要採用問卷調查法，以研究團隊自編之「我國高級中等以下學校適應體育發展與需求調查問卷」為研究工具。對象為曾從事適應體育教學之高級中等以下學校教師，共回收3,270份有效問卷。分析方法除描述性統計分析外，本研究透過IPA分析，藉此了解影響適應體育實施之滿意度及其成效之關鍵因素。研究結果發現，適應體育實施現況在身心障礙學生參與運動社團較為缺乏，然而對於教師增能需求性高。困境上師資人力不足及缺乏無障礙環境場地為當前適應體育發展之兩大隱憂。最後透過決策分析發現，我國適應體育發展上應積極研發適應體育教材與培育專業師資，作為提升我國適應體育教育品質之建議。

Adapted physical education constitutes a specialized curriculum designed for students with physical or mental disabilities or illnesses. This study examined the current state and progress of adapted physical education in higher secondary schools in Taiwan, with a focus on promoting educational equity. In addition, this paper proposes policy recommendations for optimizing the allocation of physical education resources. A comprehensive questionnaire survey titled“Developmental Needs Related to Adapted Physical Education in Higher Secondary Schools in Taiwan”was developed, and 3,270 experienced physical education teachers completed this survey. Descriptive statistics were used as the primary analytical method. Additionally, a classification model with classification and regression trees was established to identify key factors influencing the effectiveness of adapted physical education. The present findings indicate that the current implementation of adapted physical education does not effectively involve students with physical or mental disabilities in sports clubs. A growing demand for teacher training and education programs was also identified, with a shortage of teachers and a lack of barrier-free environments being two major challenges hindering the development of adapted physical education. In conclusion, proactive measures should be taken to improve the quality of adapted physical education in Taiwan, including developing teaching materials and providing training for professionals in the field of physical education.