高山溪流域西側稜線植群與植物組成

Vegetation and plant compositions on the west side of Gaoshan Creek Watershed in Shei-Pa National Park

高山溪流域由雪山主東線以及武陵農場－－馬武霸主峰至雪山主峰所構成的集水區。本研究目的在建立植群與植物組成資料作為生態保育與經營管理之參考。研究區共設置43個臨時樣區，結合沿線植物種類調查，共記錄94科233屬367種維管束植物。其中，特有種植物有122種，歸化植物有4種，栽培種有3種。依2107臺灣維管束紅皮書資料名錄，研究區內有10種接近受脅植物(NT)、14種易受害植物(VU)、2種瀕危植物(EN)，以及1種極危植物(CR)。群團分析結果顯示，研究區之植群可分成7個森林型與2個灌叢草生地型。降趨對應分析大致反映林型分群在第1軸形成海拔梯度的植群分化。進一步透過典型對應分析討論植群與環境因子之關係顯示，林型組成與分布與海拔、pH值及全天光空域有關。灌叢草生地與森林之地被群落的組成和分布則受到海拔、土壤性質的pH值、有機質、全氮與陽離子交換容量等環境因子影響。植群之植物生活型分析顯示，高海拔地區林型以半地中、地表及地中植物為主要生活型組成；海拔相對較低的林型則以挺空植物為主。

The Gaoshan Creek watershed encompasses the eastern ridge of Xue Mountains, including Wuling Farm-Mawuba Mt. and Zhijiayang Mt. The objective of this study was to determine the vegetation and plant composition, and using these information as a reference for ecological conservation and operation management. The survey was conducted across 43 temporary sampling plots to record vascular plant species. A total of 367 vascular plant species from 233 genera and 94 families were recorded. Among them, 122 were endemic species, four species were naturalized plant and three species were cultivated. According to the 2017 Red List of Vascular Plants of Taiwan, we recorded 10 near threatened species, 14 vulnerable species, two endangered species, and one critically endangered species. Cluster analysis results showed that the plant communities could be categorized into 7 forest and 2 shrub-grass land types. Detrended correspondence analysis showed vegetation differentiation along the altitude gradient in the first axis. Further canonical correlation analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between vegetation and environmental factors. The results showed that forest type and distribution was correlated with altitude, soil pH, and whole light sky space. The composition and distribution of vegetation in shrub-grass lands and understroy of forests were affected by altitude, soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity. Life form analysis of vegetation showed that high-altitude forests predominantly consisted of hemicryptophytes, chamaephytes, and cryptophytes, while low-altitude forests mainly consists of phanerophytes.