氣象資訊對於森林生長之影響與經濟評估

Assessing the economic value influenced by meteorological factors apply to forest management

本研究探討氣象資訊如何影響森林經營與林木生長，透過文獻回顧與經濟分析影響森林經營與林木生長之氣象資訊，並分析氣象資訊影響森林經營之經濟價值。根據本研究結果顯示，影響林木生長之氣象資訊包含溫度、濕度、風向、風速等，可作為選擇栽植樹種與預防樹木病蟲害的參考。高溫且潮濕的季節為樹木病蟲害的好發時期，透過氣象資訊預測，事前得知高溫且潮濕好發的月份，可事先採取預防病蟲害的措施，降低實際病蟲害的損失。此外，氣象資訊也可供作森林火災預警，透過氣象資料分析森林大火的週期性，亦可減少損失。根據本研究結果顯示，若年平均溫度增加1度，立木價值每公頃將減少15,238-28,541元，碳貯存價值每公頃將減少7,491-14,032元；若年相對溼度增加1%，立木價值每公頃將增加4,973-66,775元，碳貯存價值每公頃將增加2,445-32,828元；若日照時數增加1小時，立木價值每公頃將增加19,817-80,077元，碳貯存價值每公頃將增加9,743-39,368元；若降水量增加1mm，立木價值每公頃將減少17,619-62,090元，碳貯存價值每公頃將減少8,662-30,525元；若降雨天數增加1天，立木價值每公頃將增加27,964-111,088元，碳貯存價值每公頃將增加13,748-54,614元。

This study mainly investigates the service value of meteorological information applied to forest management through literature review and economic analysis, evaluating how such information affects the economic value of forest management. Meteorological information such as temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, etc., is crucial for forest management, officering references for selecting tree species and aiding for the prevention of tree diseases and insect pests. The weather forecasts from the Central Meteorological Bureau, enable early detection of months with elevated temperatures and humidity, thereby allowing related forestry departments, forest farmers, and experts to implement preventive measures in a timely manner to mitigate the impacts of pests and diseases. In addition, meteorological information can also be used for forest fire warning, contributing to the establishment of preventive measures and consequentlyt reducing potential losses. This study found that, a 1-degree in the average annual temperature reduces the value of standing trees by NT 15,238 - NT 28,541 per hectare, and decreases the of carbon storage value by NT 7,491 -NT 14,032 per hectare. A 1% increase in annual relative humidity results in an increase in the value of standing trees increases by NT 4,973 - NT 66,775 and an increase in carbon storage value by NT 2,445-NT 32,828 per hectare. An additional hour of sunshine per day increases the value of standing tree by NT 9,817 - NT 80,077 per hectare, and the carbon storage value by NT 9,743 - NT 39,368 per hectare. A 1mm increase in rainfall decrease the value of standing trees decreases by NT 17,619 - NT 62,090 per hectare and the carbon storage value by NT 8,662 - NT 30,525 per hectare. However, an increase of one rainy day per year results in the value of standing trees increasing by NT 27,964 - NT 111,088 per hectare, and the of carbon storage value by NT 13,748 -NT 54,614 per hectare.