GOBO燈在博物館展覽之應用

The Applications of the Goes Before Optics (GOBO) Lighting for the Exhibition in Museums

博物館展示照明必須兼顧展品可視性並降低照明傷害。以橢圓形反射罩聚光燈技術為基礎的GOBO燈具，又稱為切光燈，具有侷限區域投光、光影交界分明、亮區佈光均勻，以及減少眩光干擾等特性。近來隨著發光二極體（LED）光源的普及，GOBO燈具技術成為升級配件，在博物館展覽的展示照明設計領域具有更廣泛的應用。本文深度探討GOBO燈具在展示設計各種面向的應用可能，示範投燈效果，並提醒使用時的注意事項。另一方面，GOBO燈的圖形投射能力使得照明可以在展覽中扮演更重要的角色。利用GOBO燈投射圖案取代印刷輸出亦屬相關應用。然而投射圖案由於物理光學的條件限制，其影像可能產生變形或像差，需要事前的量測與計算加以修正。本文還介紹三種GOBO燈，提供相關從業人員比較參考。博物館展示照明係屬跨領域專業的結合應用，需要各種專業的溝通協調，才能創造出良好的展示效果。

Both maximizing visibility and minimizing damage should be balanced with regard to museum lighting. Based on the design of the ellipsoidal reflector spotlight, the GOBO lighting has specific characteristics. It is able to localize illumination, make a distinct edge between light and shadow, provide uniform light distribution, and avoid the glare. With the popularity of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the upgraded accessory adopting the GOBO technology is extensively developed for exhibitions in museums. In this research, various potential applications for the exhibition design of the GOBO lighting are scrutinized, some lighting design results are demonstrated, and precautions for the GOBO lighting are also stated. Moreover, the image projector of the GOBO lighting is introduced, which promotes lighting to a more important role. It also has the application to replace printed posters with lighting images from GOBO lighting. However, aberration and distortion exist due to the limitation of the principles of physical optics. Some measurements and calculations should be taken into account for the correction. We also introduce 3 types of GOBO lighting for the reference of the museum staff. The lighting for the exhibition in museums is interdisciplinary, and the full communication between specialists from various divisions is necessary to achieve good demonstration results.