工業設計系教育與就業之對應關係

The Relationship between Education and Employment in College Industrial Design Department

本研究旨在探討工業設計系教育與就業現況的關係，並選擇6間高教體系的工業設計系與刊登於104人力銀行的工業設計系畢業生可任職之88個職務為研究樣本，運用內容分析法及因素分析歸納出工業設計系課程共30項及業界重視的就業職能（包含軟體工具4項及工作技能5項）共9項，並以工業設計系畢業生為研究對象進行問卷調查。研究結果發現，1.學校課程端，畢業生認為對就業最有幫助的課程有電腦平面繪圖與影像處理－2D繪圖、電腦輔助設計與製造－3D建模、專題設計等，且認為行銷企劃課程有助於工程軟體、遊戲模擬軟體、生產製造、跨域整合、技術研究就業職能的表現。2.學生流向端，畢業生可從事職務廣泛，超過一半的畢業生就職設計類職業鏈上下游，有行銷／企劃／專案管理類、生產製造／品管／環衛類、營建／製圖類等。3.企業需求端，企業最重視的設計軟體工具有AutoCAD、SolidWorks、Pro/E、Adobe Photoshop、Illustrator等，以及最重視的工作技能有樣品檢討及設計修正、製圖、機構設計、製程規劃與改善、產品整體性設計等；其中有趣的是，畢業生最擅長的設計軟體工具及工作技能與企業需求之間的對應關係存在許多值得討論之處，更多的研究結果於本文中討論。本研究結果將有助於工業設計系學生瞭解企業需求以培養適應職場的能力，此外，本研究也提供學校適度調整課程規劃的建議，以及幫助企業瞭解不同類型的畢業生所擅長的能力及人才招募。

This study aims to investigate the relationship between education and employment status in the Industrial Design Department. This study has selected 6 departments of industrial design in the higher education system and 88 positions held by industrial design graduates listed in the 104 Job Bank. Using content analysis and factor analysis, a total of 30 industrial design courses and 9 employment functions (including 4 software tools and 5 work skills) that are valued by the industry were summarized, and a questionnaire survey was conducted through graduates of the Department of Industrial Design. According to the research results, in terms of school curriculum, the graduates consider computer graphic drawing and image processing (2D drawing), computer-aided design and manufacturing (3D modeling), and project design, etc., among the most useful courses for their employment. The marketing planning course improves the performance of engineering software, game simulation software, manufacturing, and cross-domain integration. In terms of student flow, graduates of the Department of Industrial Design can engage in a wide range of positions, and more than half of the graduates work in the upstream and downstream of the design career chain, including Marketing/Planning/Project Management, Manufacturing/Quality Control/Sanitation, Construction/Engineering Drawing. In terms of business needs, AutoCAD, SolidWorks, Pro/E, Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator are the most valued design professional software tools for enterprises, and sample review, design revision, drawing, mechanism design, process planning and enhancement, overall product design are the most valued work skills in enterprises. Interestingly, there is much to discuss about the relationship between the design software tools and job skills that graduates are best at and the needs of companies. In this study, additional findings will be examined. The results of this research will help industrial design students understand the needs of enterprises to cultivate the ability to adapt to the workplace, help schools adjust curriculum planning appropriately, and help enterprises understand the abilities of different types of industrial design students to recruit suitable talents.