海外中國公民權益保護法治化探究

Research on the Legalization of the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Chinese Citizens Overseas

“一帶一路”標誌我國對外關係開啟新的時代，因商貿、工作、留學、旅遊等原因前往海外的中國公民日益增多，海外中國公民權益內容呈現新發展趨勢。傳統法律規定的責任主體和保護方式無法滿足權利保護的客觀需求；同時，國籍國與所在國之間的權利衝突是固有的法理瓶頸。這些都使得海外中國公民權益保護面臨著諸多難題。對此，應通過國際合作緩解國籍國與所在國的主權衝突，運用國際條約協調國籍國與所在國的保護競合，注重司法協助化解國籍國與所在國的管轄之爭；同時，應完善各層次立法、增強保護機制的系統性、鼓勵保護手段創新，共同構建並完善海外中國公民權益保護的法律機制。

“The Belt and Road Initiative”marks the beginning of a new era in China’s foreign relations, with an increasing number of Chinese citizens going overseas for business, work, study, tourism and other reasons. The content of overseas Chinese citizens’rights and interests presents new development, and the subject of responsibility and the way of protection stipulated in traditional laws cannot meet the objective needs; In addition, the inherent legal bottleneck - the conflict of rights between the“state of nationality”and the“host state”makes the protection of the rights and interests of Chinese citizens overseas face many difficulties. In this regard, we should alleviate the sovereignty conflict between the state of nationality and the host state through international cooperation; to use international treaties to coordinate the conflict of protection between the state of nationality and the host state; to emphasize the use of judicial assistance to resolve the jurisdictional dispute between the state of nationality and the host state. At the same time, we should improve legislation at all levels, strengthen the system of protection mechanisms, encourage innovation in protection systems, and jointly build and improve a legal mechanism to protect the rights and interests of Chinese citizens overseas.