說張家山漢簡《二年律令‧秩律》的「詹事」並論漢初的太后、皇后兩宮官系統

Interpretation of “Zhanshi” (詹事) within the “Statutes on Salaries” in the Zhangjiashan Han Bamboo Slips: Early Han Systems of Palace Officials of the Empress Dowager and the Empress

張家山漢簡《二年律令•秩律》是漢初朝廷及地方官員秩級的實錄，其中所載職官為學界研究當時的太后、皇后兩宮宮官系統提供了新的文獻資料，具有重要的學術價值。不過，以往在竹簡編聯、拼綴、釋讀及職官探討等方面存在種種問題，這也影響到學界更好地利用這批資料。本文綜合利用最新原始紅外線照片及原整理圖版，對此篇部分關鍵簡文進行了重新整理與復原。在竹簡編聯與拼綴、簡文釋讀、出土及傳世典籍比較研究的基礎上，本文對簡文所見漢初太后、皇后兩套宮官官名進行了系統的梳理與考察，針對以往研究所存在的問題也提出了一些新的意見。通過對漢初太后、皇后兩宮官系統的整理與復原，還有助於學界進一步認識漢代兩宮宮官制度的嬗變、呂后時期宮官系統的特徵等問題。

The “Statutes on Salaries” of the Statutes and Ordinances of the Second Year found within the Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips concerns the rank of imperial court and local officials in the early Han dynasty, which provides us with new documents of remarkable academic value for the study of the palace officials surrounding the empress dowager and the empress. However, in the past, various problems occurred in the compilation, assembly, and interpretations of these bamboo slips, as well as discussions on the officials, which has affected academic circles in attempts to make better use of the materials. In the present paper, the latest infrared photos and the originally collated version are both used to rearrange and restore key portions of the text. On the basis of this joining together of the bamboo slips, interpretations of the text, as well as comparisons of unearthed and handed down ancient writings, this paper systematically combs through and investigates the two sets of palace officials, namely of the empress dowager and the empress, in the early Han dynasty, putting forward new opinions on the problems existing in previous studies. By restoring these two systems of palace officials, we can further understand the evolution of said systems in the Han dynasty, and more specifically, their characteristics during the period of Empress Lü.