卡語與沙語的初步比較

LANGUAGES OF THE ɬAʔALUA AND KANAKANAVU: A PRELIMINARY COMPARISON

這篇文章的語料是由董同龢先師率領王崧興、鄭再發、鄭錦全、丁邦新、梅廣等學兄和作者，先後於去、今兩年（五十一、二年）的寒假前往山地作實地調查所記錄下來的。沙語與卡語分別為居住在高雄縣荖濃溪的上游的桃源鄉桃源、高中兩村的沙阿魯阿族（ɬaʔalua簡稱沙族〉與楠梓仙溪上游的三民鄉民權、民生兩村的卡那卡那富族（kanakanavu簡稱卡族）所說的語言。

This paper is based on the data collected during the winters of 1961-62 and 1962-63, when the writer participated the field trips to Kaohsiung County, Southern Taiwan, guided by the late Professor Tung Tung-ho. The ɬaʔalua and Kanakanavu are two tiny groups among the aboriginal tribes in the hilly district of Kaohsiung County, their respective populations in recent years figuring just a few dozens and a little over one hundred. The ɬaʔalua live at Tao-yuan Ts'un and Kao-chung Ts'un, Tao-yuan Hsiang, and the Kanakanavu at Min-chuan Ts'un and Min-sheng Ts'un, San-min Hsiang. The languages of these two groups are both reaching the stage of extinction and being replaced by other aboriginal dialects and Mandarin. The present study consists of three topics: (1) comparison of the phonetic system, covering vowels, consonants, the structure of syllables and stresses; (2) comparison of words; and (3) comparison of the morphological features, covering affixes, reduplication, other inflectional features of the verbs and syntactic features. Although the resemblances as found between these two languages are striking, no conclusion as to their relations has been reached yet.