| 英文摘要 |
§1. Among vocabulary items that can be used in establishing the membership of languages in a family the numerals have always been rated high. This has certainly been true in Indo-European studies, and doubtless also in Semitic and elsewhere. But at the same time Indo-Europeanists, though they have used some of these morphemes as examples in stating certain of the phonetic correspondences (e. g. the words for 'two,' 'three,' 'ten,' etc.), have also found some difficulties of detail (e. g. in 'four,' 'five,' 'six') Not all the difficulties have yielded easily to explanation, and it should have become clear that in Indo-European the numerals are indeed diagnostic of the inclusion of a language within the family, but at the same time must be used cautiously in establishing the phonetic correspondences that are the proof of the relationship. |
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