科學博物館輔助國小自然科學與科技教育議題教學資源之內容分析

Content Analysis of Science Museum Resources Supporting Elementary School Education in the Fields of Natural Science and Technology Education

在學校教育當中運用戶外教學的機會實地到博物館參觀，可以增添學生的視野以及引發學生的學習興趣。尤其國立科學工藝博物館當中有許多展廳涵蓋科技相關的知能，運用在國小自然科學領域以及科技教育議題的教學上是非常適切的。博物館提供豐富的展示，瞭解其展示手法的應用、展示內容與學校課程的連結，是教師安排學生博物館戶外教學前重要的課題。
本研究採用內容分析法，並以三角驗證法請國小教師進行展品與課綱的篩選檢核。研究場域為國立科學工藝博物館-動力與機械廳，分析當中的展品與其展示手法，包含物件展出、展示說明板、影音媒體及互動展品等，再依據十二年國教課綱中自然科學領域以及科技教育議題的學習內容，分析展示廳內展品並篩選適合國小第二學習階段（中年級）與第三學習階段（高年級）學生之學習的內容。
最後分析的展示品，在避免因參觀訊息負荷過重導致的博物館疲勞，研究者依據課綱展示區塊與學習內容的對照，篩選第二、三學習階段各8個展示品，並規劃參觀建議與學習單，可作為現場教師在規劃博物館戶外參觀學習的重要參考資訊。

Incorporating outdoor education opportunities, such as field trips to museums, into school education can broaden students' horizons and spark their interest in learning. The National Science and Technology Museum (NSTM), in particular, offers numerous exhibition halls that cover various technological knowledge areas, making it highly suitable for teaching elementary natural science and technology education subjects. In order to arrange outdoor museum education for students, it is important for teachers to understand the application of exhibition methods, and identify the connection between the exhibition content and the school curriculum.
This study employed content analysis and the triangulation method, involving elementary school teachers to verify the alignment between museum exhibits and the curriculum. The research focused on the ''Power and Machines Hall'' at the NSTM, analyzing the exhibits and their presentation methods, including object displays, explanatory panels, audiovisual media, and interactive exhibits. The study then aligned these exhibits with the learning content in the natural science and technology education subjects outlined in the twelve-year national curriculum guidelines. The aim was to identify suitable exhibits for students in the second and third stages of elementary school.
Finally, to avoid museum fatigue caused by information overload during visits, the researcher compared the exhibition sections with the curriculum and selected eight exhibits for each stage, along with visit recommendations and learning worksheets. These can serve as essential reference information for teachers when planning outdoor museum visits for students.