精準護理之概念分析

Concept Analysis of Precision Nursing

隨著精準健康時代的來臨，發展「精準護理」於護理臨床、教育及研究是為百年大計。由傳統的經驗式照護，到考量遺傳基因及個體差異等因素的新興科學，是攸關未來醫療發展的重要議題。應用精準護理於臨床照護，可協助病人緩解症狀、提升自我管理能力，進而增進生活品質。近年來國外許多文獻著重精準護理的探討，而國內對此概念的介紹仍付之闕如。有鑑於此，本文以Walker和Avant(2019)所提出概念分析的方法，進行精準護理之概念分析，統整相關定義後，歸納精準護理是根據生物基因、家庭社會環境及生活型態，在預防保健、症狀緩解、疾病照顧或指導自我管理方式時，護理師提供病人量身訂製的個人化照護。接著以典型案例、邊緣案例、相反案例及相關案例做為概念的說明，最後確認影響精準護理的前因後果及實證性測量工具。期望藉由此概念分析，促使護理人員認識精準護理之概念，並將此方式應用於未來之科學研究或臨床照護中。

With the arrival of the precision health era, the application of precision nursing in clinical practice, educational strategies, and research has become a crucial and fundamental task. Transitioning from traditional empirical knowledge to emerging sciences such as genomics and individual differences is vital for advancing medical care. By implementing precision nursing in clinical practice, patients can experience symptom relief, improved self-management ability, and enhanced quality of life. While several literature reviews have explored precision nursing in recent years, this concept has received limited attention in Taiwan. To address this gap, the present study utilized the concept analysis method proposed by Walker and Avant (2019). Precision nursing is defined as the provision of individualized care to patients and their families, encompassing health promotion, symptom alleviation, disease management, and self-care, tailored to each individual's biology, genomics, social environment, and lifestyle. The authors identified the antecedents, consequences, and empirical measures of precision nursing and illustrated typical, borderline, contrary, and related cases. This article aims to equip nurses with a clear understanding of the concept of precision nursing, enabling them to apply it effectively in clinical practice and scientific research. By embracing precision nursing, nurses can deliver personalized care that optimizes health outcomes and enhances patient experiences and well-being.