Corynebacterium striatum 造成感染之角色及感染管制措施介紹

Corynebacterium striatum in Nosocomial Infections: Emphasizing the Role of Infection Control

Corynebacterium菌屬中，我們已了解Corynebacterium diphtheriae會造成白喉，但關於其他的Corynebacterium菌屬，長期以來在臨床上都被忽視。近來的研究顯示，臨床分離出的Corynebacterium菌屬有其重要意義，特別是在免疫低下、使用過多重抗生素、長期住院和接受過侵襲性醫療處置的病人，在各國都陸續有社區和院內感染的案例。Corynebacterium striatum多重抗藥的特點，也使得我們更需重視C. striatum造成的院內感染和感控相關措施。

Corynebacterium species are widely distributed in the environment and in the microbiota of humans and animals. Corynebacterium species are classified include Corynebacterium diphtheria and non-diphtherial corynebacteria; the former is pathogenic for diphtheria, while the latter are parts of the normal flora on the skin and mucosa membranes of humans. Non-diphtherial corynebacteria isolated from clinical specimens are often regarded as contaminants. However, recently published researches suggested that when Corynebacterium striatum being isolated from normally sterile sites, it should be considered a true pathogen. Corynebacterium striatum has not uncommonly been found to cause infections such as bacteremia, pneumonia and endocarditis, in immunocompromised patients. Of note, increasingly emerging multidrug-resistant C. striatum isolates and outbreaks due to these isolates have been reported. Patients with multiple comorbidities, prior extensive exposure to antibiotics, and/or long-term hospitalization are at risk for developing infections caused by multidrug-resistant C. striatum.